Alliyah Evangelista-
What are broad sheets of tendon that attach muscles to bone?
Aponeurosis
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What is the origin of a muscle?
Its attachment to the stationary bone.
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What is the insertion of a muscle?
The attachment to the moveable bone.
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What is the origin and insertion point of the biceps brachii?
Origin: scapula
Insertion: radius
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What does the prime mover (agonist) do?
Major muscle responsible for movement: produces contractions.
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What do antagonist(s) and synergists do?
antagonist: does the opposite of the agonist (biceps brachii flexes (agonist), the triceps relax (antagonist)).
synergist: aids the prime mover
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The muscles of facial expressions move the joints.True or false?
False; they move the skin.
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What do muscles on the posterior surface do?
Extension of the head and neck.
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What do muscles on the anterior and lateral surface do?
Flexion (decreases angle) of the head and neck.
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Label the unnamed parts and describe their function.
Superior > inferior:
Orbicularis oculi - closes eyes, blinks
Orbicularis oris - closes and opens mouth; kissing muscle
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Label the unnamed parts and describe their function.
Superior > inferior:
Frontalis - raises eyebrows
Zygomaticus major - pulls out lips upwards, causing us to smile; smiling muscle
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Label the unnamed parts and describe their function.
Left to right:
Masseter - assists in chewing
Buccinator - functions in whistling, blowing, sucking, assists in chewing
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Label the unnamed muscle and describe its function.
Sternocleidomastoid - enables us to bow our heads, the praying muscle
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What does the deltoid muscle allow our arm to do?
Abduction and medial rotation of arm.
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What does the pectoralis major allow our arm to do?
Adduction and medial rotation of the arm.
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Why is the serratus anterior called the boxer's muscle?
Abducts the scapula and rotates it upwards when throwing a punch.
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Label the unnamed parts and describe their function.
Deltoid - abduction and rotation of arm
Pectoralis major - adduction and medial rotation of arm
Serratus anterior - abducts scapula and rotates it upwards when punching
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Label the unnamed parts and describe their function.
Latissimus dorsi: extends, adducts and medially rotates arm; swimmer's muscle
Rectus abdominis - flexes torso and compresses abdomen
Transversus abdominis - compresses abdomen, stabilizes trunk
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Label the unnamed muscles.
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What group of muscle maintain your erect posture?
Erector spinae
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Label the unnamed parts and describe their function.
Biceps brachii - flexes forearm and arm and allows for supination (holding)
Brachialis - flexes forearm
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What muscle is a synargist to the biceps brachii?
Brachialis
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What muscles is this and what does it do?
The triceps brachii; extends arm and forearm
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What muscle is an antagonist to the biceps brachii?
Triceps brachii
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Label the unnamed parts and describe their function.
Pronator teres - pronation of the arm (pouring soup)
Brachioradialis - flexes forearm, helps in supination/pronation
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Label this muscle and describe what it does?
Supinator - supinates forearm
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Label the unnamed parts and describe their function.
Vastus lateralis
Vastus medialis
Vastus intermedius
They all extend leg at knee joint
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Label the unnamed parts and describe their function.
Tensor fasciae latae - flexes and abducts hip joints
Sartorius - abducts thigh, allows us to sit cross-legged; tailor's muscle
Iliotibial tract
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Label the unnamed parts and describe their function.
Adductor magnus - adducts and medially rotates thigh
Adductor longus - adducts, flexes and medially rotates thigh
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Label the unnamed parts and describe their function.
Gluteus maximus - extends and laterally rotates thigh
Semitendinosus - flexes leg and extends thigh
Semimembranosus
Biceps femoris
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What 3 muscles make up the hamstrings?
- Semitendinosus
- Semimembranosus
- Biceps femoris
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Label the unnamed parts and describe their function.
Tibialis anterior - dorsiflexes foot
Gastrocnemius - plantar flexion of foor
Soleus - plantar flexion only
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Label the muscles.
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What muscle gives people the ability to raise their brows (in surprise)?
Frontalis
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What is the smiling muscle?
Zygomaticus
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What muscles allow for the plantar flexion of our foot?
Gastrocnemius and soleus
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What muscle is responsible for dorsiflexion of the the foot?
The tibialis anterior
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What are the muscles for mastication and chewing?
Masseter and temporalis
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What does the trapezius do?
Extends head and elevates the clavicle.
