Label the diagram.
The scrotum is separated into two compartments, by what muscle?
The dartos muscle.
What us the temperature required for spermatozoa to survive?
2-3 degrees
What is the temperature of the testes controlled by?
Cremaster muscle
When the dartos muscle contracts what happens to the scrotum?
The scrotum becomes tight to reduce heat loss.
What is the condition called when the testes fail to descend through the inguinal canals?
Cryptochidism
What is the outermost layer of the testes?
Tunica vaginalis
Where are sperm cells made (spermatogenesis)?
In the testes, particularly inside the seminiferous tubules in the tunica albunigea.
Label this diagram.
Where does sperm mature?
The epididymis.
What do sustentacular cells do?
- Nourish spermatocytes, spermatids and spermatozoa
- Mediate the effects of testosterone and FSH
- Secrete fluid for sperm transport (semen)
- Breaks down cytoplasm of spermatids to turn into sperm cells
Label this diagram.
What does luteinizing hormone (LH) do?
Stimulates cells in the testes to produce testosterone.
How does testosterone affect spermatogenesis?
The more testosterone the more sperm is produce, therefore it stimulates spermatogenesis.
Describe the pathway of sperm.
Seminiferous tubules (created) > straight tubules > rete testis > efferent ducts > epididymis > ductus deferens
What do the seminal vesicles secrete?
An alkaline, viscous fluid called semen.
What is the purpose of semen?
- To transport spermatozoa
- Provides nutrients and ATP
- Neutralizes the acidity in the female vagina
An erection is a ___ reflex.
parasympathetic
Ejaculation is a ___ reflex.
sympathetic
What are the accessory sex glands and what do they do?
- seminal vesicles
- prostate
- bulbourethral glands
Produce semen