Natural Selection: The process where organisms with advantageous traits are more likely to survive and reproduce.

Artificial Selection: Humans selectively breed organisms for desired traits.

Sexual Selection: Traits that increase an organism's chances of mating are favored.

Directional Selection: Favors one extreme phenotype over others, causing a shift in the population.

Stabilizing Selection: Favors intermediate phenotypes and reduces variation.

Disruptive Selection: Favors extreme phenotypes at both ends of the spectrum, leading to increased variation.

Balancing Selection

Maintains genetic diversity in a population by favoring multiple alleles.

Review: BIOL 121a Final Exam Chapters 1-5