Circadian Rhythms: These rhythms are primarily controlled by the SCN, influencing various physiological processes in a roughly 24-hour cycle.

Sleep-Wake Cycle: The SCN regulates the sleep-wake cycle, orchestrating periods of wakefulness and sleep in alignment with environmental cues like light and darkness.

Body Temperature: The SCN helps regulate body temperature, contributing to the daily fluctuations observed in body temperature across the day.

Hormone Secretion: Many hormones, including cortisol and melatonin, follow a circadian rhythm under the influence of the SCN.

Metabolism: The SCN influences metabolic processes, such as energy expenditure and nutrient utilization, which exhibit daily variations.

Review: Beyond the Classic Endocrine Glands (Physiology)