Type 1 (beta cell defect)

Incidence ≈ 1% worldwide (10% of DM)

Age of onset Peak = 11-13 years Rare ˂ 1 or 30+

Sex Similar

Ethnic Distribution Caucasian ≈ 2x ↑ Risk

Obesity Not an important factor

Heredity ≈ 5-10%

Antibodies Islet Cell & Insulin Autoantibodies

Insulin Resistance unusual

Type-II (Insulin resistance)

Incidence ≈ 9 % worldwide (90% of DM)

Age of onset Highest Risk between 40-70

Sex Similar

Ethnic Distribution ↑ Risk African-American & native Americans

Obesity Strong correlation

Heredity ≈ 10-15%

Antibodies UncommonInsulin Resistance at Dx

Review: 6. diabetes pathopharmacology