Flashcards: Varieties of Chinese

Dalian dialect (Chinese: 大连话, Pinyin: dalian hua, Romaji: Dairen-ben) is a dialect of Mandarin Chinese spoken on the Liaodong Peninsula, including the city of Dalian and parts of Dandong and Yingkou.

The Bai language (Bai: Baip‧ngvp‧zix; simplified Chinese: 白语; traditional Chinese: 白語; pinyin: Báiyǔ) is a language spoken in China, primarily in Yunnan province, by the Bai people.

The Beijing dialect (simplified Chinese: 北京话; traditional Chinese: 北京話; pinyin: Běijīnghuà), also known as Pekingese, is the dialect of Mandarin spoken in the urban area of Beijing, China.

Eastern Min, or Min Dong (simplified Chinese: 闽东语; traditional Chinese: 閩東語; pinyin: Mǐndōngyǔ; Foochow Romanized: Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄), is a branch of the Min group of varieties of Chinese.

Gan (simplified Chinese: 赣语; traditional Chinese: 贛語; Gan: Gon ua, alternatively Chinese: 江西话, Jiāngxī huà; Gan: Kongsi ua) is a group of Chinese varieties spoken as the native language by many people in the Jiangxi province of China, as well as significant populations in surrounding regions such as Hunan, Hubei, Anhui, and Fujian.

Hakka /ˈhækə/, also rendered Kejia, is one of the major groups of varieties of Chinese, spoken natively by the Hakka people in southern China, Taiwan, Hong Kong and throughout the diaspora areas of East Asia, Southeast Asia, and around the world.

Jin (simplified Chinese: 晋语; traditional Chinese: 晉語; pinyin: jìnyǔ), or Jinese, Jinhua or Jinyu, alternatively Shanxinese (Chinese: 山西话 Shānxī Huà), is a group of language of Chinese.

Middle Chinese (Chinese: 中古漢語; pinyin: zhōnggǔ Hànyǔ), formerly known as Ancient Chinese, is the historical variety of Chinese that developed subsequently from Old Chinese and is phonologically recorded in the Qieyun, a rime dictionary first published in 601 and followed by several revised and expanded editions.

Min or Miin (simplified Chinese: 闽语; traditional Chinese: 閩語; pinyin: Mǐn yǔ; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Bân gú; BUC: Mìng ngṳ̄) is a broad group of Chinese varieties spoken by over 70 million people in the southeastern Chinese province of Fujian as well as by migrants from this province in Guangdong (around Chaozhou-Swatou, or Chaoshan area, Leizhou peninsula and Part of Zhongshan), Hainan, three counties in southern Zhejiang, Zhoushan archipelago off Ningbo, some towns in Liyang, Jiangyin City in Jiangsu province, and Taiwan.

Old Chinese, also called Archaic Chinese in older works, is the oldest attested stage of Chinese, and the ancestor of all modern varieties of Chinese.

Taiwanese Hokkien (Chinese: 臺灣閩南語; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Tâi-oân Bân-lâm-gú; also Taiwanese Minnan), commonly known as Taiwanese (臺灣話; Tâi-oân-oē / 臺語; Tâi-gú), is a variant of Hokkien spoken natively by about 70% of the population of Taiwan.

The Teochew variety also known as Teoswa (Chinese: 潮州話 or 潮汕話; pinyin: Cháozhōuhuà or Cháoshànhuà, Chaozhou dialect: Diê⁵ziu¹ uê⁷; Shantou dialect: Dio⁵ziu¹ uê⁷) of Southern Min is a variety of Chinese spoken in the Chaoshan region of eastern Guangdong and by the Teochew diaspora around the world.

Wenzhounese (simplified Chinese: 温州话; traditional Chinese: 溫州話; pinyin: wēnzhōuhuà), also known as Oujiang (simplified Chinese: 瓯江话; traditional Chinese: 甌江話; pinyin: ōujiānghuà) or Dong'ou (東甌), is the speech of Wenzhou, the southern prefecture of Zhejiang, China.

Major Wu dialects include those of Shanghai, Suzhou, Wuxi, Wenzhou, Ningbo, Hangzhou, Shaoxing, Jinhua, and Yongkang.

Xiang or Hsiang (simplified Chinese: 湘语; traditional Chinese: 湘語), also known as Hunanese (simplified Chinese: 湖南话; traditional Chinese: 湖南話), is a group of linguistically similar and historically related varieties of Chinese, spoken mainly in Hunan province but also in a few parts of Guangxi, Sichuan and Shaanxi.

Hainanese (Hainan Romanised: Hái-nâm-oe, simplified Chinese: 海南话; traditional Chinese: 海南話; pinyin: Hǎinán huà), also known as Qióng Wén (simplified Chinese: 琼文; traditional Chinese: 瓊文) or Qióng yǔ (瓊語/琼语), is a group of Min Chinese varieties spoken in the southern Chinese island province of Hainan.

Huizhou (simplified Chinese: 徽州话; traditional Chinese: 徽州話; pinyin: Huīzhōu-huà) or Hui (simplified Chinese: 徽语; traditional Chinese: 徽語; pinyin: Huī-yǔ), is a group of closely related varieties of Chinese spoken over a small area in and around the historical region of Huizhou (for which it is named), in about ten or so mountainous counties in southern Anhui, plus a few more in neighbouring Zhejiang and Jiangxi.

Ba-Shu Chinese (Chinese: 巴蜀語; pinyin: Bāshǔ yǔ; Wade–Giles: Ba1 Shu3 Yü3; Sichuanese Pinyin: Ba¹su²yu³; IPA: [pa˥su˨˩y˥˧]), or Old Sichuanese (or Old Szechwanese; Chinese: 蜀語), is an extinct Sinitic language formerly spoken in what is now Sichuan and Chongqing, China.

The Bendi language, Bendihua (Chinese: 本地话), is a variety of Guibei Pinghua (桂北平话) influenced by Kam (Dong).

Danzhou dialect (simplified Chinese: 儋州话; traditional Chinese: 儋州話; pinyin: Dānzhōu huà), locally known as Xiang hua (Chinese: 乡话; pinyin: xiāng huà; literally: "village speech"), is a Chinese variety of uncertain affiliation spoken in the area of Danzhou in northwestern Hainan, China.

Pinghua (simplified Chinese: 平话; traditional Chinese: 平話; pinyin: Pínghuà; sometimes disambiguated as 广西平话/廣西平話, Guǎngxī Pínghuà) is a group of related varieties of Chinese spoken mainly in parts of the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, with some speakers in Yunnan province.

Waxiang (simplified Chinese: 瓦乡话; traditional Chinese: 瓦鄉話; pinyin: wǎxiānghuà) is a divergent variety of Chinese, spoken by the Waxiang people, an unrecognized ethnic minority group in the northwestern part of Hunan province, China.

Changting dialect (Chinese: 长汀话, Hakka Chinese: Tshòng-tin-fa) is a dialect of Hakka Chinese which mainly spoken in some county of northwest Fujian, including Changting (Tingzhou), Liancheng, Wuping, Shanghang and Yongding.

Mai (simplified Chinese: 迈话; traditional Chinese: 邁話; pinyin: Mài huà) is a variety of Chinese of uncertain affiliation spoken in the area of 崖县 Yáxiàn (Sanya) in southern Hainan, China.