Flashcards: Tissues (biology)

In anatomy, serous membrane (or serosa) is a smooth membrane consisting of two layers of epithelial cells (as membranes), which secrete serous fluid.

In animal tissue, stroma (from Greek στρῶμα, meaning “layer, bed, bed covering”) is the part of a tissue or organ that has a connective and structural role.

A mucous membrane or mucosa is a membrane that lines various cavities in the body and surrounds internal organs.

The basement membrane is a thin, fibrous, extracellular matrix of tissue that separates the epithelium (skin, respiratory tract, gastrointestinal tract, etc.), mesothelium (pleural cavity, peritoneal cavity, pericardial cavity, etc.) and endothelium (blood vessels, lymph vessels, etc.) from underlying connective tissue.

Urothelium (or uroepithelium) is an example of "transitional epithelium".

Blood is a body fluid in humans and other animals that delivers necessary substances such as nutrients and oxygen to the cells and transports metabolic waste products away from those same cells.

Muscle is a soft tissue found in most animals.

In vascular plants, phloem is the living tissue that carries organic nutrients (known as photosynthate), in particular, sucrose, a sugar, to all parts of the plant where needed.

A vascular bundle is a part of the transport system in vascular plants.

Nervous tissue or nerve tissue is the main tissue component of the two parts of the nervous system; the brain and spinal cord of the central nervous system (CNS), and the branching peripheral nerves of the peripheral nervous system (PNS), which regulates and controls bodily functions and activity.

Ependyma is the thin epithelial lining of the ventricular system of the brain and the central canal of the spinal cord, made up of ependymal cells.

Muscle tissue is a soft tissue that composes muscles in animal bodies, and gives rise to muscles' ability to contract.

The periorbita is the area around the orbit.

Abdominal obesity, also known as central obesity, is when excessive abdominal fat around the stomach and abdomen has built up to the extent that it is likely to have a negative impact on health.

Endothelium is a type of epithelium that lines the interior surface of blood vessels and lymphatic vessels, forming an interface between circulating blood or lymph in the lumen and the rest of the vessel wall.

Cellulite (also known as adiposis edematosa, dermopanniculosis deformans, status protrusus cutis, gynoid lipodystrophy, and orange peel syndrome) is the herniation of subcutaneous fat within fibrous connective tissue that manifests topographically as skin dimpling and nodularity, often on the pelvic region (specifically the buttocks), lower limbs, and abdomen.

The dermis or corium is a layer of skin between the epidermis (with which it makes up the cutis) and subcutaneous tissues, that primarily consists of dense irregular connective tissue and cushions the body from stress and strain.

Hypertrophy (IPA /haɪˈpɝːtrəfi/, from Greek ὑπέρ "excess" + τροφή "nourishment") is the increase in the volume of an organ or tissue due to the enlargement of its component cells.

The epidermis (from the Greek "επίδερμίδα", meaning "over-skin") is a single layer of cells that covers the leaves, flowers, roots and stems of plants.

Hyaline cartilage is cartilage that is hyaline (transparent).

The periodontium is the specialized tissues that both surround and support the teeth, maintaining them in the maxillary and mandibular bones.

Aponeuroses (plural of aponeurosis: απο, "away" or "of", and νευρον, "sinew", and pronounced ap·o·neu·ro·sis) are layers of flat broad tendons.

The mesothelium is a membrane composed of simple squamous epithelial cells that forms the lining of several body cavities: the pleura (thoracic cavity), peritoneum (abdominal cavity including the mesentery), mediastinum and pericardium (heart sac).

Neutral fats are produced by the dehydration synthesis of one or more fatty acids with an alcohol like glycerol.

A paraganglion (pl. paraganglia) is a group of non-neuronal cells derived of the neural crest.

Rugae is a term used in anatomy that refers to a series of ridges produced by folding of the wall of an organ.

Resistin also known as adipose tissue-specific secretory factor (ADSF) or C/EBP-epsilon-regulated myeloid-specific secreted cysteine-rich protein (XCP1) is a cysteine-rich adipose-derived peptide hormone that in humans is encoded by the RETN gene.

The first step in ossification of the cartilage is that the cartilage cells, at the point where ossification is commencing and which is termed an ossification center, enlarge and arrange themselves in rows.

An ossifying fibromyxoid tumour is a type of myxoma.