Flashcards: Teratogens

Cytisine, also known as baptitoxine and sophorine, is an alkaloid that occurs naturally in several plant genera, such as Laburnum and Cytisus of the family Fabaceae.

Agent Orange—or Herbicide Orange (HO)—is one of the herbicides and defoliants used by the U.

A monster is any creature, usually found in legends or horror fiction, that is often hideous and may produce fear or physical harm by its appearance or its actions.

Valproate (VPA), and its valproic acid, sodium valproate, and divalproex sodium forms, are medications primarily used to treat epilepsy and bipolar disorder and to prevent migraine headaches.

Temozolomide (TMZ; brand names Temodar and Temodal and Temcad) is an oral chemotherapy drug.

Benzene is an important organic chemical compound with the chemical formula C6H6.

Ethanol /ˈɛθənɒl/ (EtOH), also commonly called alcohol, ethyl alcohol, and drinking alcohol, is the principal type of alcohol found in alcoholic beverages, produced by the fermentation of sugars by yeasts.

Thalidomide sold under the brand names Immunoprin, among others, is an immunomodulatory drug and the prototype of the thalidomide class of drugs.

Warfarin, also known by the brand names Coumadin among others, is an anticoagulant normally used to prevent the formation of blood clots in the blood vessels and their migration elsewhere in the body.

Arsenic tribromide is the inorganic compound with the formula AsBr3.

Mebendazole (MBZ) is a medication used to treat a number of parasitic worm infestations.

N-Nitroso-N-methylurea (NMU) is a highly reliable carcinogen, mutagen, and teratogen.

Doxorubicin, sold under the trade names Adriamycin among others, is a medication used in cancer chemotherapy.

Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASDs) are a group of conditions that can occur in a person whose mother drank alcohol during pregnancy.

Phenytoin, sold under the brand name Dilantin among others, is an anti-seizure medication.

Lisinopril is a drug of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor class used primarily in treatment of high blood pressure, heart failure, and after heart attacks.

Dacarbazine (brand names DTIC, DTIC-Dome; also known as DIC or imidazole carboxamide) is an antineoplastic chemotherapy drug used in the treatment of various cancers, among them malignant melanoma, Hodgkin's lymphoma, sarcoma, and islet cell carcinoma of the pancreas.

Oxcarbazepine is an anticonvulsant drug primarily used in the treatment of epilepsy.

Cyclopamine (11-deoxojervine) is a naturally occurring chemical that belongs to the group of steroidal jerveratrum alkaloids.

Diethylstilbestrol (DES) (INN, USAN, BAN), also known formerly (and inappropriately) as stilboestrol (BAN), is a synthetic, non-steroidal estrogen of the stilbestrol group that was first synthesized in 1938.

Endosulfan is an off-patent organochlorine insecticide and acaricide that is being phased out globally.

Jervine is a steroidal alkaloid with molecular formula C27H39NO3 which is derived from the Veratrum plant genus.

Ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) is a mutagenic, teratogenic, and possibly carcinogenic organic compound with formula C3H8SO3.

Aflatoxin B1 is an aflatoxin produced by Aspergillus flavus and A.

Mirex is an organochloride that was commercialized as an insecticide and later banned because of its impact on the environment.

SB-236057 is a compound which is a potent and selective inverse agonist for the serotonin receptor 5-HT1B, acting especially at 5-HT1B autoreceptors on nerve terminals.

Hexachlorophene, also known as Nabac, is an organochlorine compound that was once widely used as a disinfectant.