Flashcards: Space program of Russia

Mir (Russian: Мир, IPA: [ˈmʲir]; lit. peace) was a space station that operated in low Earth orbit from 1986 to 2001, run by the Soviet Union and later by Russia.

GLONASS (Russian: ГЛОНАСС, IPA: [ɡlɐˈnas]; Глобальная навигационная спутниковая система; transliteration Globalnaya navigatsionnaya sputnikovaya sistema), or "Global Navigation Satellite System", is a space-based satellite navigation system operating in the radionavigation-satellite service and used by the Russian Aerospace Defence Forces.

Progress M-25M (Russian: Прогресс М-25М), identified by NASA as Progress 57 or 57P, is a Progress spacecraft used by Roskosmos to resupply the International Space Station (ISS) during 2014.

Luna-Glob (Russian: Луна-Глоб, meaning Lunar sphere) is a Moon exploration program by the Russian Federal Space Agency (Roscosmos).

Mars MetNet is a planned atmospheric science mission to Mars, initiated by the Finnish Meteorological Institute (FMI) and under development by Finland, Russia and Spain.

Luch 5V (Russian: Луч-5В meaning ray and sometimes transliterated as Loutch-5B) is a Russian Luch relay satellite which will transmit data from the Russian Orbital Segment of the International Space Station, and from other satellites in low Earth orbit.

Ekspress AM4R (Russian: Экспресс-АМ4Р meaning Express AM4R) was a Russian communications satellite intended for operation by the State Company for Satellite Communications.

Soyuz at the Guiana Space Centre (also known as Soyuz at CSG or Arianespace Soyuz) is an ongoing ESA programme for operating Soyuz-ST launch vehicles from Guiana Space Centre (CSG), providing medium-size launch capability for Arianespace to accompany the light Vega and heavy-lift Ariane 5.

Foton-M No.4 is a Russian microgravity and bioscience research spacecraft launched in July 2014 as part of the Foton programme.

Ekspress-AMU1 (Russian: Экспресс-АМУ1), also known as Eutelsat 36C, is a geostationary communications satellite operated by RSCC and designed and manufactured by Airbus Defence and Space on the Eurostar 3000 platform for its Ekspress series.

Mars 96 (sometimes called Mars 8) was a failed Mars mission launched in 1996 to investigate Mars by the Russian Space Forces and not directly related to the Soviet Mars probe program of the same name.

Progress M-23M (Russian: Прогресс М-23М), identified by NASA as Progress 55 or 55P, is a Progress spacecraft used by Roskosmos to resupply the International Space Station (ISS) during 2014.

The Venera-D (Russian: Венера-Д, pronounced [vʲɪˈnʲɛrə ˈdɛ]) probe is a proposed Russian space probe to Venus, to be launched around 2025.

TabletSat-Aurora is a Russian micro-satellite launched in 2014.

Progress M-24M (Russian: Прогресс М-24М), identified by NASA as Progress 56 or 56P, is a Progress spacecraft used by Roskosmos to resupply the International Space Station (ISS) during 2014.

Progress M-26M (Russian: Прогресс М-26М), identified by NASA as Progress 58 or 58P, is a Progress spacecraft used by Roskosmos to resupply the International Space Station (ISS) during 2015.

Spektr-RG (Russian for Spectrum + Röntgen + Gamma; also called Spectrum-X-Gamma, SRG, SXG) is an international high-energy astrophysics observatory, which is being built under the leadership of the Russian Space Research Institute (IKI).

Progress M-28M (Russian: Прогресс М-28М), identified by NASA as Progress 60 or 60P was a Progress spacecraft used by Roskosmos to resupply the International Space Station (ISS) during 2015.

The ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter (TGO) is a collaborative project between the European Space Agency (ESA) and the Russian Federal Space Agency (Roscosmos) that sent an atmosphere research orbiter and the Schiaparelli demonstration lander to Mars in 2016 as part of the European-led ExoMars Programme.

Luch 5B (Russian: Луч-5Б meaning ray and sometimes transliterated as Loutch-5B) is a Russian Luch relay satellite which will transmit data from the Russian Orbital Segment of the International Space Station, and from other satellites in low Earth orbit.

Progress MS-01 (Russian: Прогресс МС or Прогресс МС-01), identified by NASA as Progress 62 or 62P is a Progress spacecraft used by Roskosmos to resupply the International Space Station (ISS) during 2015.

Ekspress AM4 was a communications satellite placed into the wrong orbit from a faulty Briz-M rocket stage.

Ekspress MD1 (Russian: Экспресс МД1), was a geostationary communications satellite operated by RSCC and designed and manufactured by Khrunichev on the Yakhta platform for RSCC's Ekspress series.

Ekspress MD2 is a Russian communications satellite which was lost due to a launch failure on 6 August 2012.

Novomoskovsk (K-407) is a Project 667BDRM Delfin-class ballistic missile submarine (NATO reporting name "Delta-IV") of the Russian Navy's Northern Fleet.

Ekspress-AM5 (Russian: Экспресс АМ5) is a Russian communications satellite which was launched in 2013.

Ekspress-AM6 (Russian: Экспресс АМ6) is a Russian communications satellite which was launched in 2014.

Yamal-401 (Russian: Ямал-401) is a Russian geostationary communications satellite operated by Gazprom Space Systems.

Bion-M No.1 (Бион-М) is a Russian space mission, the part of the Bion series of space missions.

Ekspress AT2 (Russian: Экспресс АT2) is a Russian communications satellite which was launched in March 2014.

Ekspress AT1 (Russian: Экспресс АT1) is a Russian communications satellite which was launched in March 2014.

Ekspress AM8 (Russian: Экспресс АМ8) is a Russian communications satellite which was launched in 2015.

Ekspress AM7 (Russian: Экспресс-АМ7 meaning Express AM7) is a Russian communications satellite operated by the State Company for Satellite Communications.

Progress M-27M (Russian: Прогресс М-27М), identified by NASA as Progress 59 or 59P, was a Progress spacecraft used by Roscosmos in an unsuccessful attempt to resupply the International Space Station (ISS) in 2015.

Yamal 300K (Russian: Ямал-300К) is a geostationary communications satellite operated by Gazkom and built by ISS Reshetnev on the Ekspress-1000HTA plarform.

Aist 1 (Russian: Аист 1, meaning Stork 1) is a Russian technology demonstration satellite which was launched in December 2013.

Progress M-29M (Russian: Прогресс М-29М), identified by NASA as Progress 61 or 61P was a Progress spacecraft used by Roskosmos to resupply the International Space Station (ISS) during 2015.

Yamal-402 is a Russian geostationary communications satellite.

Federation (Russian: Федерация, Federatsiya), formerly called PPTS (Prospective Piloted Transport System, Перспективная Пилотируемая Транспортная Система, Perspektivnaya Pilotiruemaya Transportnaya Sistema) is a project by Roscosmos to develop a new-generation, partially reusable piloted spacecraft.

This is a list of all space probes that have left Earth orbit (or were launched with that intention but failed), organized by their planned destination.

Cosmonautics Day (Russian: День Космона́втики, Den Kosmonavtiki) is an anniversary celebrated in Russia and some other former USSR countries on April 12.

The Luch (Russian: Луч; lit. Ray) Satellite Data Relay Network (SDRN), also referred to as Altair and Gelios, is a series of geosynchronous Russian relay satellites, used to transmit live TV images, communications and other telemetry from the Soviet/Russian space station Mir, the Russian Orbital Segment (ROS) of the International Space Station and other orbital spacecraft to the Earth, in a manner similar to that of the US Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System.

Spektr-R (or RadioAstron) is a Russian scientific satellite with a 10 m (33 ft) radio telescope on board.

Yubileiny (Russian: Юбиле́йный, lit. Jubilee) is an educational Russian satellite built by NPO PM to commemorate the 50th anniversary of the launch of Sputnik 1, the first artificial satellite to be placed into Earth orbit.

MAKS (Russian: МАКС, Russian: Международный авиационно-космический салон, transliterated as Mezhdunarodnyj aviatsionno-kosmicheskij salon, "International Aviation and Space Show") is an International Air Show held near Moscow, Russia on Zhukovskiy LII air field.

Cosmos 1 was a project by Cosmos Studios and The Planetary Society to test a solar sail in space.

BLITS (Ball Lens In The Space) is a Russian satellite launched on September 17, 2009, as a secondary payload on a Soyuz-2.

The Orbital Piloted Assembly and Experiment Complex (Russian: Орбитальный Пилотируемый Сборочно-Экспериментальный Комплекс, Orbital'nyj Pilotirujemyj Sborochno-Eksperimental'nyj Kompleks) (ОПСЭК, OPSEK) is a Russian proposed third-generation modular space station in Low Earth orbit.

Ekspress AM22 (Russian: Экспресс АМ22, meaning Express AM22) is a communications satellite.

The Orbital Technologies Commercial Space Station is a proposed orbital space station intended for commercial clients.

Luna 27 (Luna-Resurs lander) is a planned lunar lander mission by the Russian Federal Space Agency (Roscosmos) with collaboration by the European Space Agency (ESA) to send a lander to the South Pole–Aitken basin, an unexplored area of the Moon.

The Meteor-3M No.

The Mercury-P (Russian: Меркурий-П) is a proposed Russian space probe to Mercury.

Land Launch refers to a service product of Sea Launch SA.

Luch 5A (Russian: Луч-5А meaning ray and sometimes transliterated as Loutch-5A) is a Russian Luch relay satellite which will transmit data from the Russian Orbital Segment of the International Space Station, and from other satellites in low Earth orbit.

Leonid Denisovich Kizim (Кизим Леонид Денисович) (August 5, 1941 – June 14, 2010) was a Soviet cosmonaut.

The Lunar Orbital Station is a proposed Russian space station in orbit around the Moon.