Flashcards: Sesquiterpenes

Humulene, also known as α-humulene or α-caryophyllene, is a naturally occurring monocyclic sesquiterpene (C15H24), containing an 11-membered ring and consisting of 3 isoprene units containing three nonconjugated C═C double bonds, two of them being triply substituted and one being doubly substituted.

β-Santalol is an organic compound that is classified as a sesquiterpene.

Cadinene is the trivial chemical name of a number of isomeric hydrocarbons that occur in a wide variety of essential oil-producing plants.

Nerolidol, also known as peruviol, is a naturally occurring sesquiterpene found in the essential oils of many types of plants and flowers.

Nootkatone is a natural organic compound and is the most important and expensive aromatic of grapefruit.

The term farnesene refers to a set of six closely related chemical compounds which all are sesquiterpenes.

Abscisic acid (ABA), also known as abscisin II and dormin, is best known as a plant hormone.

Farnesol is a natural 15-carbon organic compound which is an acyclic sesquiterpene alcohol.

The ionones are a series of closely related chemical substances that are part of a group of compounds known as rose ketones, which also includes damascones and damascenones.

Caryophyllene /ˌkærioʊfɪˈliːn/, or (−)-β-caryophyllene, is a natural bicyclic sesquiterpene that is a constituent of many essential oils, especially clove oil, the oil from the stems and flowers of Syzygium aromaticum (cloves), the essential oil of Cannabis sativa, rosemary, and hops.

Artemisinin, also known as qinghao su (Chinese: 青蒿素), and its semi-synthetic derivatives are a group of drugs that possess the most rapid action of all current drugs against Plasmodium falciparum malaria.

Norpatchoulenol is a tricyclic terpenoid found in commercial patchouli extract in small quantities, and thought to contribute significantly to the aroma of patchouli oil.

Aristolochene is a bicyclic sesquiterpene produced by certain fungi including the cheese mold Penicillium roqueforti.

Mutisianthol is a sesquiterpene compound found in Mutisia homoeantha.

Periplanone B is a pheromone produced by the female American cockroach, Periplaneta americana.

Cadalene or cadalin (4-isopropyl-1,6-dimethylnaphthalene) is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon with a chemical formula C15H18 and a cadinane skeleton.

Farnesyl pyrophosphate (FPP), also known as farnesyl diphosphate (FDP), is an intermediate in both the mevalonate and non-mevalonate pathways used by organisms in the biosynthesis of terpenes, terpenoids, and sterols.

Guaiazulene, also azulon or 1,4-dimethyl-7-isopropylazulene, is a dark blue crystalline hydrocarbon.

α-Cadinol or 10α-hydroxy-4-cadinene is an organic compound, a sesquiterpenoid alcohol.

Amorpha-4,11-diene is a precursor to artemisinin.

Patchoulol or patchouli alcohol (C15H26O) is a sesquiterpene alcohol found in Patchouli.

Petasin is a natural chemical compound found in plants of the genus Petasites.

Cedrol is a sesquiterpene alcohol found in the essential oil of conifers (cedar oil), especially in the genera Cupressus (cypress) and Juniperus (juniper).

α-Santalol is an organic compound that is classified as a sesquiterpene.

Juvabione, historically known as the paper factor, is the methyl ester of todomatuic acid, both of which are sesquiterpenes (C15) found in the wood of true firs of the genus Abies.

Bisabolol, or more formally α-(−)-bisabolol or also known as levomenol, is a natural monocyclic sesquiterpene alcohol.

Botrydial is a phytotoxic sesquiterpene metabolite secreted by the fungus Botrytis cinerea.

Elemenes are a group of closely related natural chemical compounds found in a variety of plants.

Indometacin farnesil (INN) is a prodrug of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug indometacin, designed to reduce the occurrence of side-effects by esterification of the carboxyl group on indometacin with farnesol.

Guaiol or champacol is an organic compound, a sesquiterpenoid alcohol found in several plants, especially in the oil of guaiacum and cypress pine.

Guaienes are a series of closely related natural chemical compounds that have been isolated from a variety of plant sources.

Artemotil (INN; also known as β-arteether), is a fast acting blood schizonticide specifically indicated for the treatment of chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum malaria and cerebral malaria cases.

Artesunate (AS) is a medication used to treat malaria.

Selinenes are a group of closely related isomeric chemical compounds which are classified as sesquiterpenes.

Ledol is a poisonous sesquiterpene that can cause cramps, paralysis, and delirium.

Drimane is a bicyclic sesquiterpene.

Cedrene is a sesquiterpene found in the essential oil of cedar.

Zingiberene is a monocyclic sesquiterpene that is the predominant constituent of the oil of ginger (Zingiber officinale), from which it gets its name.

Artemether is an antimalarial for the treatment of multiple drug-resistant strains of Plasmodium falciparum malaria.

Capsidiol is a terpenoid compound that accumulates in tobacco Nicotiana tabacum and chili pepper Capsicum annuum in response to fungal infection.

Hernandulcin is an intensely sweet chemical compound gained from the chiefly Mexican and South American plant Lippia dulcis.

Germacrenes are a class of volatile organic hydrocarbons, specifically, sesquiterpenes.

Onchidal is a naturally occurring toxin produced as a defensive secretion by the mollusc Onchidella binneyi and several other related species in Onchidella,a genus of small, air-breathing sea slugs.

Cubebol is a natural sesquiterpene alcohol first identified in cubeb oil.

Thujopsene is a natural chemical compound, classified as a sesquiterpene, with the molecular formula C15H24.

Curzerenone is an antimicrobial isolate of Lindera pulcherrima.

Curzerene is a bioactive isolate of Caribbean corals.

Curdione is a bio-active isolate of Curcuma wenyujin.

Germacrone is an antiviral isolate of Geranium macrorrhizum.

Nardosinone is a sesquiterpene and chemical constituent of Nardostachys jatamansi.

Triptofordin C-2 is an antiviral isolate of Tripterygium wilfordii.

Phaseic acid is a terpenoid catabolite of abscisic acid.

α-Vetivone is an organic compound that is classified as a sesquiterpene (derived from three isoprene units).

Vetivazulene is an azulene derivate obtained from vetiver oil.

Bisabolenes are a group of closely related natural chemical compounds which are classified as sesquiterpenes.

Valencene is a sesquiterpene that is an aroma component of citrus fruit and citrus-derived odorants.

Gyrinal is an organic chemical compound - an unsaturated ketoaldehyde - with the formula C14H18O3, obtained from the whirligig beetle (the water boatman, Gyrinus natator).

Polygodial is an active constituent of Dorrigo Pepper, Mountain Pepper, Horopito, Canelo, Paracress and Water-pepper.

Longifolene is the common (or trivial) chemical name of a naturally occurring, oily liquid hydrocarbon found primarily in the high-boiling fraction of certain pine resins.

Capnellene is a naturally occurring hydrocarbon derived from Capnella imbricata, a species of soft coral found in Indonesia.

Carotol was first isolated by scientists Asahina and Tsukamoto in 1925.

Copaene, or more precisely, α-copaene, is the common (or trivial) chemical name of an oily liquid hydrocarbon that is found in a number of essential oil-producing plants.

δ-Cadinol is an organic compound, a sesquiterpenoid alcohol produced by many plants as well as and some animals and microorganisms.

Isocomene is a naturally occurring sesquiterpene first isolated from the rayless golden rod Isocoma wrightii, from which it derives its name.

Santonic acid is an organic compound containing both carboxylic acid and ketone functionality.