RMOT 101 Midterm 1 Flashcards Test and Flashcards

Cervid Traits

Branched antlers that grow out of pedicels on mature males (and female caribou), gall bladder is absent, lachrymal glands occur in front of the eye, forms a lachrymal pit and lachrymal fossa.

Bovid Traits

Permanent unbranched horns in both sexes, no lachrymal pits or fossa in skull, have a gall bladder.

Roosevelt Elk

Artiodactyla, Cervidae, Cervus canadensis roosevelti. Large-bodied elk found on Vancouver Island and coastal regions. Darker coloration compared to Rocky Mountain Elk, shorter antlers with more mass.

Rocky Mountain Elk

Artiodactyla, Cervidae, Cervus canadensis nelsoni. Found in interior BC, lighter coloration, larger antlers that sweep back over shoulders, adapted to drier, open environments.

Boreal Woodland Caribou

Artiodactyla, Cervidae, Rangifer tarandus caribou. Medium-sized, dark brown coat with white mane, large hooves adapted for snow travel, relies on arboreal lichens in winter.

Western Canada Moose

Artiodactyla, Cervidae, Alces americanus andersoni. Largest of BC moose, long dark brown coat, large palmate antlers, long legs adapted for deep snow and wetland travel.

Shiras Moose

Artiodactyla, Cervidae, Alces americanus shirasi. Smallest moose subspecies, found in southern BC, dark brown with lighter legs, palmate antlers smaller than other moose subspecies.

Mule Deer

Artiodactyla, Cervidae, Odocoileus hemionus. Large ears, forked antlers, distinctive black-tipped tail, found in varied habitats from grasslands to forests.

Rocky Mountain Mule Deer

Artiodactyla, Cervidae, Odocoileus hemionus hemionus. Largest of BC deer, reddish brown in summer, grayish brown in winter, rope-like white tail with black tip, large white rump patch, large ears, bifurcated antlers, dark brown forehead.

Columbia Black-tailed Deer

Artiodactyla, Cervidae, Odocoileus hemionus columbianus. Coastal subspecies of mule deer, smaller body size, dark brown to black tail, compact bifurcated antlers.

Sitka Black-tailed Deer

Artiodactyla, Cervidae, Odocoileus hemionus sitkensis. Smallest mule deer subspecies, found in coastal rainforests, darker pelage, two distinct white throat patches.

White-tailed Deer

Artiodactyla, Cervidae, Odocoileus virginianus. Reddish-brown summer coat, grayish winter coat, long white tail that is raised when alarmed, antlers with single main beam and tines growing upward.

Fallow Deer

Artiodactyla, Cervidae, Dama dama. Introduced species, spotted coat in summer, palmate antlers, shorter legs, found in agricultural areas and woodlands.

Alaskan Moose

Artiodactyla, Cervidae, Alces americanus gigas. Largest moose subspecies, found in northern BC, large palmate antlers, dark brown coat, adapted for deep snow and cold climates.

Mountain Goat

Artiodactyla, Bovidae, Oreamnos americanus. White coat, black horns, prominent shoulder hump, excellent climbers, found in alpine and subalpine environments.

Bighorn Sheep

Artiodactyla, Bovidae, Ovis canadensis. Large curled horns in males, muscular build, brown coat with white rump patch, prefers open rugged terrain.

Thinhorn Sheep

Artiodactyla, Bovidae, Ovis dalli. Smaller than bighorn sheep, slender horns, prefers remote mountainous terrain.

Dall’s Sheep

Artiodactyla, Bovidae, Ovis dalli dalli. Pure white coat, found in high alpine environments, both sexes have slender curved horns.

Stone’s Sheep

Artiodactyla, Bovidae, Ovis dalli stonei. Darker coat than Dall’s sheep, mixed gray and brown coloration, found in northern BC mountain ranges.

Plains Bison

Artiodactyla, Bovidae, Bos bison bison. Large, dark brown coat, well-defined shoulder hump, short, thick horns, historically found in grasslands and open plains.

Wood Bison

Artiodactyla, Bovidae, Bos bison athabascae. Larger and heavier than plains bison, darker shaggy coat, adapted to boreal forest environments.

Why does BC have such a large number of wildlife species?

BC has diverse habitats due to large latitude range, varied geology, and glacial history.

How did glaciation contribute to biodiversity in BC?

Glacial refugia allowed species to persist and later recolonize, leading to high biodiversity and species pairs.

What are the two classification systems used for BC ecosystems?

Biogeoclimatic Zone System & Ecoregions Classification System.

What are the 10 ecoprovinces of BC

1. Northeast Pacific 2. Coast and Mountains 3. Georgia Depression 4. Southern Interior 5. Southern Interior Mountains 6. Central Interior 7. Sub-Boreal Interior 8. Boreal Plains 9. Taiga Plains 10. Northern Boreal Mountains.

What are the federal and provincial classification categories for species at risk?

COSEWIC/SARA: Extinct, Extirpated, Endangered, Threatened, Special Concern, Not at Risk. BC Conservation Data Centre (CDC): Red List (Extirpated, Endangered, Threatened), Blue List (Vulnerable).

Name at-risk cervids and bovids in BC.

Caribou (various ecotypes), Roosevelt Elk (blue-listed), Wood Bison (red-listed, threatened by COSEWIC).

What are the main agencies responsible for wildlife management in BC?

Federal (DFO, Environment Canada, Parks Canada, RCMP, Canada Customs) and Provincial (BC Environmental Assessment Office, BC Ministry of Environment and Climate Change Strategy, BC Ministry of Forests, Lands, Natural Resource Operations, and Rural Development).

What are the 9 BC MoE Management Regions?

Region 1 (Vancouver Island), Region 2 (Lower Mainland), Region 3 (Thompson-Nicola), Region 4 (Kootenay), Region 5 (Cariboo), Region 6 (Skeena), Region 7A (Omineca), Region 7B (Peace), Region 8 (Okanagan).

What are the different requirements of hunting licenses in BC?

CORE certification required for Fish and Wildlife ID (FWID). General and species-specific licenses exist with different age-based restrictions.

What are the different types of hunting seasons?

General Open Season (GOS), Limited Entry Hunt (LEH), youth and senior seasons, archery-only seasons, and Indigenous subsistence hunting exemptions.

What are the major Orders of mammals found in BC?

Didelphimorphia (Opossums), Soricomorpha (Shrews, Moles), Chiroptera (Bats), Rodentia (Rodents), Lagomorpha (Hares, Rabbits, Pikas), Carnivora (Bears, Wolves, Cats, Mustelids, Seals), Cetacea (Whales, Dolphins, Porpoises), Artiodactyla (Even-toed ungulates).

What are the Families within the Order Rodentia that need to be known?

Aplodontiidae (Mountain Beaver), Sciuridae (Squirrels, Marmots), Castoridae (Beavers), Erethizontidae (Porcupines).

What are the key characteristics that differentiate cervids from bovids?

Cervids: Antlers (shed annually), gall bladder absent, lachrymal glands present. Bovids: Permanent, unbranched horns, gall bladder present, no lachrymal pits.

What are the different subspecies of elk in BC?

Rocky Mountain Elk (Cervus elaphus nelsoni), Roosevelt Elk (Cervus elaphus roosevelti).

What adaptations do moose have for survival?

Long legs for deep snow, large nose for heat exchange, thick winter coat.

What methods are used to age ungulates?

Tooth eruption and wear, body size, antler/horn development.

What type of dentition do ungulates have?

Selenodont dentition, adapted for grinding plant material.

What are the two suborders of Cetacea?

Odontoceti (toothed whales, dolphins, porpoises) and Mysticeti (baleen whales).

What are the three types of killer whales in BC?

Resident: Fish-eating, large pods, vocal. Transient: Marine mammal predators, small groups, less vocal. Offshore: Little known, larger pods, different vocalizations.

What are the major families within Pinnipedia?

Phocidae (True Seals), Otariidae (Eared Seals & Sea Lions).

How old do you have to be for each type of Hunting license

18+ regular and initiation licenses

10-17 regular and youth licenses

<10 no hunting

What species have compulsory Inspection

Black Bear (Haida Gwaii), Cougar, Caribou, Mountain Goat, Mountain Sheep, Lynx (some regions) Bobcat (some regions), Elk and Moose (Some regions and MU)

What species have Compulsory Reporting

Lynx (some Regions), Wolverine, Bobcat (Regions 2 & 3), Wolf (Regions 1 & 2), Elk (Management Units 6-12 & 6-13), Moose (most of Region 7B/9), Feral Pig

Flashcards: RMOT 101 Midterm 1 Flashcards