Flashcards: Rectum

Paraproctitis is a purulent inflammation of the cellular tissues surrounding the rectum.

Used colloquially, the term rectal prolapse often is used synonymously with complete rectal prolapse (external rectal prolapse), where the rectal walls have prolapsed to a degree where they protrude out the anus and are visible outside the body.

Hemorrhoids, also spelled haemorrhoids, are vascular structures in the anal canal.

The rectum (from the Latin rectum intestinum, meaning straight intestine) is the final straight portion of the large intestine in some mammals, and the gut in others.

A suppository is a solid dosage form that is inserted into the rectum (rectal suppository), vagina (vaginal suppository) or urethra (urethral suppository), where it dissolves or melts and exerts local or systemic effects.

Enema (plural enemata or enemas) or clyster, is a fluid injected into the lower bowel by way of the rectum.

An imperforate anus or anorectal malformations (ARMs) are birth defects in which the rectum is malformed.

Rectal foreign bodies are large foreign items found in the rectum that can be assumed to have been inserted through the anus, rather than reaching the rectum via the mouth and gastrointestinal tract.

A rectovaginal fistula is a medical condition where there is a fistula or abnormal connection between the rectum and the vagina.

The middle rectal artery is an artery in the pelvis that supplies blood to the rectum.

The rectal venous plexus (or hemorrhoidal plexus) surrounds the rectum, and communicates in front with the vesical venous plexus in the male, and the uterovaginal plexus in the female.

The inferior mesenteric vein begins in the rectum as the superior rectal vein (superior hemorrhoidal vein), which has its origin in the hemorrhoidal plexus, and through this plexus communicates with the middle and inferior hemorrhoidal veins.

A rectocele (/ˈrɛktəsiːl/ REK-tə-seel) results from a tear in the rectovaginal septum (which is normally a tough, fibrous, sheet-like divider between the rectum and vagina).

The pararectal lymph nodes are in contact with the muscular coat of the rectum.

Megarectum is a large rectum as a result of underlying nerve supply abnormalities or muscle dysfunction, which remains after disimpaction of the rectum.

The transverse folds of rectum (or Houston's valves) are semi-lunar transverse folds of the rectal wall that protrude into the rectum, not the anal canal as that lies below the rectum.