Flashcards: Post–Russian Empire states

The Provisional Siberian Government (later the Provisional Government of Autonomous Siberia), was an ephemeral government for Siberia created by the White movement.

The Free Territory (Ukrainian: Вільна територія vilna terytoriya; Russian: свободная территория svobodnaya territoriya) or Makhnovia (Махновщина Makhnovshchyna) resulted from an attempt to form a stateless anarchist society during the Ukrainian Revolution of 1917 to 1921.

The Ukrainian State (Ukrainian: Українська держава, Ukrayinska Derzhava), sometimes also called the Hetmanate (Ukrainian: Гетьманат, Hetmanat) was an anti-socialist government that existed on most of the modern territory of Ukraine (except for West Ukraine) from April 29 to December 14, 1918.

The Provisional National Government of the Southwestern Caucasus, Provisional National Government of South West Caucasia (Modern Turkish: Güneybatı Kafkas Geçici Milli Hükûmeti; Ottoman Turkish: Cenub-ı Garbi Kafkas Hükûmet-i Muvakkate-i Milliyesi Azerbaijani: Cənub-Qərbi Qafqaz Cümhuriyyəti) or Kars Republic was a short-lived nominally-independent provisional government based in Kars, northeastern Turkey.

The Republic of Aras (Azerbaijani: Araz Respublikası; also known as the Republic of Araks or the Araxi Republic) was a short-lived and unrecognized state in the South Caucasus, roughly corresponding with the territory that is now the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic of Azerbaijan.

The Crimean Socialist Soviet Republic (Russian: Крымская Социалистическая Советская Республика or Крымская Советская Социалистическая Республика; Crimean Tatar: Qırım Şuralar Sotsialistik Cumhuriyeti) or the Soviet Socialist Republic of the Crimea was a state allied with Soviet Russia that existed in Crimea for several months in 1919 during the Russian Civil War.

Provisional Siberian Government - government for Siberia created by the White movement.

The Taurida Soviet Socialist Republic (Russian: Советская Социалистическая Республика Тавриды, Sovetskaja Socialističeskaya Respublika Tavridy) was an unsuccessful attempt to establish a Soviet republic situated in the Crimean Peninsula part of Soviet Russia.

"Crimean Regional Government" (Russian: Крымское краевое правительство Krymskoe kraevoe pravitel'stvo) refers to two successive short-lived regimes in the Crimean Peninsula during 1918 and 1919.

The Republic of Tarnobrzeg (Polish: Republika Tarnobrzeska, IPA: [rɛpuˈblika tarnɔˈbʐɛska]) was a short-lived entity, proclaimed 6 November 1918 in the Polish town of Tarnobrzeg.

The Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic, (Georgian SSR; Georgian: საქართველოს საბჭოთა სოციალისტური რესპუბლიკა, translit.: sakartvelos sabch'ota sotsialist'uri resp'ublik'a; Russian: Грузинская Советская Социалистическая Республика Gruzinskaya Sovetskaya Sotsialisticheskaya Respublika) also commonly known as Soviet Georgia or simply known as Georgia, was one of the republics of the Soviet Union from its inception in 1922 to its breakup in 1991.

The Finnish Socialist Workers' Republic, more commonly referred to as Red Finland, was a short-lived precursor of an unrecognized Finnish socialist state.

The Lithuanian Soviet Socialist Republic (LSSR) was a short-lived Soviet republic declared on December 16, 1918 by a provisional revolutionary government led by Vincas Mickevičius-Kapsukas.

The Republic of North Ingria (Finnish: Pohjois-Inkerin tasavalta) or Republic of Kirjasalo (Finnish: Kirjasalon tasavalta) was a short-lived state of Ingrian Finns in the southern part of the Karelian Isthmus, which seceded from Bolshevist Russia after the October Revolution.

The Provisional Priamurye Government (or Provisional Priamur Government, Russian: Приамурский земский край) existed in the Far East Russian region of Priamurye, Russia, between May 27, 1921 and October 25, 1922.

The Mountainous Republic of the Northern Caucasus (MRNC; also known as the Mountain Republic or the Republic of the Mountaineers; 1917–1920) was a short-lived state situated in the Northern Caucasus.

The Idel-Ural State was a short-lived Tatar republic with its centre in Kazan that united Tatars, Bashkirs and the Chuvash in the turmoil of the Russian Civil War.

The Kuban-Black Sea Soviet Republic (May 30 – July 6, 1918) was part of the Russian SFSR.

The Kuban People's Republic (Russian: Кубанская Народная Республика Kubanskaya Narodnaya Respublika; Ukrainian: Кубанська Народна Республiка Kubans'ka Narodna Respublika) was an anti-Bolshevik state that comprised the territory of the Kuban in the modern-day Russian Federation during the Russian Civil War.

Alash Autonomy (Kazakh: Алаш аутономиясы Alaş awtonomïyası; Russian: Алашская автономия Alashskaya avtonomiya) was a Kazakh state that existed between December 13, 1917 and August 26, 1920 on, approximately, the territory of the present-day Republic of Kazakhstan.

The Central-Caspian Dictatorship (Russian: Диктатура Центрокаспия, Diktatura Tsentrokaspiya), or the Centro-Caspian Dictatorship, was a short-lived anti-Soviet administration proclaimed in the city of Baku during World War I.

The North Caucasian Emirate (Russian: Северо-Кавказский эмират Severo-Kavkazskij èmirat) was a mainly Avar and Chechen Islamic state that existed in the territory of Chechnya and western Dagestan during the Russian Civil War from September 1919 to March 1920.

The General Command of the Armed Forces of South Russia (Russian: Особое совещание при Главкоме ВСЮР Osoboe soveščanie pri Glavkome VSJuR) was an administrative body in southern Russia in 1918 and 1919 performing government functions in the territory controlled by the troops of the Russian White movement's Volunteer Army and Armed Forces of South Russia.

The Azerbaijan Democratic Republic (ADR; Azerbaijani: Azərbaycan Demokratik Respublikası - آذربایجان دمکراتیک جومهوریتی) also known as Azerbaijan People's Republic (Azerbaijani: Azərbaycan Xalq Cümhuriyyəti - آذربایجان خلق جومهوریتی) was the second democratic republic in the Turkic world and Muslim world, after the Crimean People's Republic.

The Odessa Soviet Republic (OSR; Ukrainian: Одеська Радянська Республіка; Russian: Одесская Советская Республика) was a short-lived Soviet republic formed on January 31 [O.

The Caucasian Imamate (Arabic: إمامة القوقاز‎‎ `Imāmat al-Qawkāz), also known as the Caucasus Imamate, was the state established by the imams in Dagestan and Chechnya during the early and middle of the 19th century in the Northern Caucasus, to fight against the Russian Empire during the Caucasian War, where Russia sought to conquer the Caucasus in order to secure communications with its new territories south of the mountains.

The occupation of Turkish Armenia by the Russian Empire during World War I began in 1915 formally ended by the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk.

The South Russian Government (Russian: Южнорусское Правительство) was a Russian White movement government established by Armed Forces of South Russia commander Anton Denikin in Novorossiysk, Kuban, in March 1920 during the Russian Civil War.

Russia Eastern Outskirts (Russian: Российская Восточная Окраина) was a local government that existed in the eastern part of Russia during the Russian Civil War.

The Russian Republic (Russian: Россiйская республика, tr. Rossiyskaya respublika; IPA: [rɐˈsʲijskəjə rʲɪsˈpublʲɪkə]) was a short-lived state that controlled, de jure, the territory of the former Russian Empire after the abdication of Emperor Nicholas II on 15 March [O.

The First Republic of Armenia, known at the time of its existence as the Republic of Armenia (classical Armenian: Հայաստանի Հանրապետութիւն), was the first modern Armenian state since the loss of Armenian statehood in the Middle Ages.

The Crimean People's Republic (Crimean Tatar: Qırım Halq Cumhuriyeti) existed from December 1917 to January 1918 in the Crimean Peninsula, a territory currently disputed between the Russian Federation and Ukraine.

The Commune of the Working People of Estonia (Estonian: Eesti Töörahva Kommuun, initially Eesti Töörahwa Kommuuna; Russian: Эстляндская трудовая коммуна, ЭТК or ETK) was an unrecognised government claiming the Bolshevik-occupied parts of Republic of Estonia as its territories during the Estonian War of Independence and the Russian Civil War.

The Kuban Soviet Republic (April 13 – May 30, 1918) was part of the Russian Soviet Federated Socialist Republic within the general territory of the Kuban.

State of Buryat-Mongolia (Buryat: Буряад-Монгол улас) was a buffer Buryat-Mongolian state, which existed during the Russian Civil War.

The Lithuanian–Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic (LBSSR; Lithuanian: Lietuvos–Baltarusijos Tarybinė Socialistinė Respublika; Belarusian: Літоўска–Беларуская Савецкая Сацыялістычная Рэспубліка; Russian: Литовско–Белорусская ССР; Polish: Litewsko–Białoruska Republika Radziecka) or Litbel (Lit-Bel) was a Soviet socialist republic that existed within the territories of modern Belarus and eastern Lithuania for approximately five months during 1919.

Soviet Central Asia refers to the section of Central Asia formerly controlled by the Soviet Union, as well as the time period of Soviet administration (1918–1991).

The Government of South Russia (Russian: Правительство Юга России Pravitel'stvo Yuga Rossii) was a White movement government established in Sevastopol, Crimea in April 1920.

The Ukrainian People's Republic or Ukrainian National Republic (Ukrainian: Українська Народна Республіка, Ukrajinśka Narodna Respublika; abbreviated УНР, UNR), a predecessor of modern Ukraine, was declared (on 10 June 1917) - at first as a part of the Russian Republic after the Russian Revolution - but proclaimed its independence on 25 January 1918.

The Democratic Republic of Georgia (DRG; Georgian: საქართველოს დემოკრატიული რესპუბლიკა Sakartvelos Demokratiuli Respublika) existed from May 1918 to February 1921 and was the first modern establishment of a Republic of Georgia.

The Don Republic (Russian: Донская Республика, later known as the Almighty Don Host, or Russian: Всевеликое Войско Донское, Vsevelikoe Voisko Donskoe), was an independent self-proclaimed anti-Bolshevik republic formed by the Armed Forces of South Russia on the territory of Don Cossacks against another self-proclaimed Don Soviet Republic.

The Bukharan People's Soviet Republic (Uzbek: Buxoro Xalq Shoʻro Jumhuriyati; Russian: Бухарская Народная Советская Республика Bukharskaya Narodnaya Sovetskaya Respublika) was a short-lived Soviet state that governed the former Emirate of Bukhara during the years immediately following the Russian Revolution.

The Belarusian People's Republic (Belarusian: Белару́ская Наро́дная Рэспу́бліка, [bʲeɫaˈruskaja naˈrodnaja rɛsˈpublʲika], transliterated as Bielaruskaja Narodnaja Respublika, BNR), historically referred to as the White Ruthenian Democratic Republic (German: Weißruthenische Volksrepublik;) was a failed attempt to create a Belarusian state on the territory controlled by the German Imperial Army during World War One.

The Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic (Byelorussian SSR or BSSR; Belarusian: Белару́ская Саве́цкая Сацыялісты́чная Рэспу́бліка / Белару́ская ССР, Bielaruskaja Savieckaja Sacyjalistyčnaja Respublika / Bielaruskaja SSR, بيَلارُصقايا صاويَࢯقايا صاࢯِيالِصطِچنايا رَصپُبلِقا / بيَلارُصقايا صصر; Russian: Белору́сская Сове́тская Социалисти́ческая Респу́блика, Белорусская ССР Belorusskaja Sovetskaja Socialističeskaja Respublika, Belorusskaja SSR), also referred to as Soviet Byelorussia or simply Byelorussia, was one of fifteen constituent republics of the Soviet Union (USSR).

The Transcaucasian Democratic Federative Republic (TDFR; Закавказская демократическая Федеративная Республика (ЗКДФР); Zakavkazskaya Demokraticheskaya Federativnaya Respublika (ZKDFR); 22 April – 28 May 1918), also known as the Transcaucasian Federation, was a short-lived South Caucasian state extending across what are now the modern-day countries of Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia.

The Soviet Republic of Soldiers and Fortress-Builders of Naissaar was a revolutionary state that during the First World War controlled the Estonian island of Naissaar (Swedish: Nargö; German: Nargen) in 1917–1918 for a brief period after the October Revolution and prior to the Occupation of Estonia by the German Empire.

The Mughan Soviet Republic was a short-lived pro-Bolshevik state that existed in present-day southeastern Azerbaijan from March to June 1919.

The Republic of Central Lithuania or Middle Lithuania (Polish: Republika Litwy Środkowej, Lithuanian: Vidurio Lietuvos Respublika, Belarusian: Рэспубліка Сярэдняе Літвы / Respublika Siaredniaje Litvy), or Central Lithuania (Polish: Litwa Środkowa, Lithuanian: Vidurio Lietuva or Vidurinė Lietuva, Belarusian: Сярэдняя Літва / Siaredniaja Litva), was a short-lived political entity, which did not gain international recognition.

The Far Eastern Republic (Russian: Дальневосто́чная Респу́блика, ДВР, tr. Dalnevostochnaya Respublika, DVR; IPA: [dəlʲnʲɪvɐˈstotɕnəjə rʲɪsˈpublʲɪkə]), sometimes called the Chita Republic, was a nominally independent state that existed from April 1920 to November 1922 in the easternmost part of the Russian Far East.

The Galician Soviet Socialist Republic (Galician SSR) existed from July 8, 1920, to September 21, 1920, during the Polish-Soviet War within the area of the South-Western front of the Red Army.

The Donetsk–Krivoy Rog Soviet Republic (Russian: Донецко-Криворожская советская республика) was a self-declared Soviet republic of the Russian SFSR founded on 12 February 1918.