Negative Feedback system
a feedback system that shuts the system off once the set point has been reached
Extracellular
which type of fluid is considered homogenous?
plasma
what is the type of fluid that accounts for 20-25% of the total extracellular fluid volume?
Organ level
what is the organization that includes a discrete structure made of more than one tissue type acting as a functional group
Intracellular fluid
what is the term used to describe the fluid found inside the cell ?
Intracellular fluid
what is the type of fluid that should not be considered as a homogenous fluid?
Incidence
the rate of new cases arising in a population at risk during a specified time
prevalence
a measure of existing disease in a population at a given point in time
Population at risk
the persons without the disease but who are at risk for developing it
Morbidity
describe the effects an illness has on a person's life and is concerned with the incidence, persistence, and long-term consequences of disease
Mortality
pertains to the causes of death in a given population
Cellular level
what level of organization that includes cells and their functional organelles ?
steady state
what is defined as adding energy to maintain a constant condition?
etiology
what is defined as the known causative agent or factor for a disease?
intracellular fluid
what is the type of fluid that accounts for the highest percentage of total fluid volume?
extracellular fluid
what is the common term for both the fluid in the blood as well as the fluid surrounding the cells?
idiopathic
primary cause
secondary
caused by another condition
agnogenic
unknown cause
cryptogenic
hidden cause
iatrogenic
physician cause
diagnosis
what is defined as the physical examinations, laboratory tests, and imaging to determine the nature of a disease?
positive feedback system
what is a feedback system that enhances or increases the production of a product or outcome in a system?
epithelial tissue
what is composed of a sheet of cells that functions as a protective covering at the interface of the body's external and internal enviornments?
homeostasis
what is defined as a state of reasonable stable balance of physiological varaibles?
equilibrium
what is defined as not having energy to maintain a constant condition
pathogenesis
what is defined as the sequence of events occurring at the tissue and cellular level as a result of a disease?
dynamic constancy
what is defined as physiological variables that can change over 24 hours , but the system remains in overall balance
clinical disease
the disease is manifested by signs and symptoms
carrier status
refers to an individual who harbors the organism but is not infected
preclinical stage
the disease is not clinically evident but is destined to progress to clinical disease
Persistent chronic disease
the disease persists for years to life
Subclinical disease
the disease is not clinically apparent and is not destined to become clinically apparent
clinical course
what is defined as the descriptors of the evolution of the disease
Tissue level
what is the level of organization that includes a group of cells working together to perform a common function
law of mass balance
what is defined as any gain within the body must be offset by an equal loss
clinical manifestation
what is defined as the characteristic set of symptoms and signs observed and recorded as a result of a disease?
reliability
refers to the extent to which repeated observations give the same results
validity
refers to the extent to which a measurement tool measures what it is intended to measure
sensitivity of a test
refers to the proportion of people with a disease who test positive for that disease
specificity of a test
refers to the proportion of people without a disease who are negative for that disease
predictive value
refers to the proportion of true observations within a population
protons
the four classes of macromolecules does not include
chemical level
what level of organization includes small molecules, such as carbon dioxide, water, carbohydrates, and proteins
primary prevention
directed at keeping the disease from occurring by removing risk factors - that can occur in and outside the health care system
secondary prevention
directed at detecting disease early, curable, or keeping from progressing - usually occurs within health care system
tertiary prevention
directed at clinical interventions to prevent further deterioration or reduce complications of disease - occurs within health care system
connective tissue
what is acellular in composition and functions to bind tissues and organs together
Nervous tissue
what is composed of specialized cells that conduct impulses from the CNS