Which hormone, released by the pancreas, stimulates the release of digestive enzymes and the contraction of the gallbladder?
Answer: cholecystokinin
Elevated levels of amylase and lipase in the blood are indicative of __________.
Answer: pancreatitis
An Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) procedure allows for visualization of the __________.
Answer: pancreas
The pathogenesis of pancreatitis is best described as ______.
Answer: Pancreatic injury causes pancreatic enzymes to leak into the pancreatic tissue and initiate auto-digestion in which the pancreas begins destroying itself
Adenocarcinoma of the pancreas has a very high mortality rate in which nearly all patients die within 12 months of the onset of symptoms.Which of the following are manifestations of this type of pancreatic cancer?
Answer: all of the above
Primary liver cancer is commonly seen secondary to:
Answer: Cirrhosis
Cholangiocarcinoma presents:
Answer: tumors in the biliary tree/ducts
A benign tumor comprised of vascularities is also known as:
Answer: hemangioma
_____ and _____ are liver enzymes which signify the destruction of liver tissue.
Answer: AST; ALT
____________ is marked by progressive obstruction of the extra-hepatic biliary tree.
Answer: biliary atresia
Fluid accumulation in the abdominal cavity is called __________.
Answer: ascites
Portal hypertension, untreated, often leads to:
Answer: all of the above
Gallstones which form in the common hepatic duct are likely to cause all of the following EXCEPT:
Answer: pancreatitis
Which of the following is the best test for determining gallbladder ejection fraction
Answer: hepatobiliary scan with cholecystokinin
Risk factors for Cholelithiasis include all of the following except:
Answer: ethnicity
Jaundice is a:
Answer: symptom
Which of the following is a life-threatening condition requiring immediate medical attention?
Answer: acute cholecystitis
Which of the following cells are part of the body's reticuloendothelial cells in the liver?
Answer: Kupffer cells
Severe liver disease results in bleeding tendencies secondary to thrombocytopenia.
Answer: True
Cirrhosis results in hormonal imbalances, such as elevated estrogen, as the liver is unable to clear and metabolize hormones from the blood.