Flashcards: Pacifism

The Unity of the Brethren (Czech: Jednota bratrská; Latin: Unitas Fratrum), also known as the Czech or Bohemian Brethren, is a Christian denomination whose roots are in the pre-Reformation work of the priest and philosopher Jan Hus, who was martyred in 1415.

Khudai Khidmatgar (Pashto: خدايي خدمتگار‎) literally translates as the servants of God, represented a non-violent struggle against the British Empire by the Pashtuns (also known as Pathans, Pakhtuns or Afghans) of the North-West Frontier Province of British India (now in Pakistan).

Ahimsa (Sanskrit: अहिंसा; IAST: ahimsā, Pāli: avihiṃsā) is a term meaning 'not to injure' and 'compassion'.

A hippie (or hippy) is a member of a liberal counterculture, originally a youth movement that started in the United States and the United Kingdom during the mid-1960s and spread to other countries around the world.

The International Day of Peace, sometimes unofficially known as World Peace Day, is observed annually on 21 September.

Mohism or Moism (aka. Mohist School of Logic) (Chinese: 墨家; pinyin: Mòjiā; literally: "School of Mo") was an ancient Chinese philosophy of logic, rational thought and science developed by the academic scholars who studied under the ancient Chinese philosopher Mozi (c. 470 BC–c. 391 BC).

The United Society of Believers in Christ's Second Appearing, more commonly known as the Shakers, is a millenarian restorationist Christian sect founded in the 18th century in England.

In military terminology, desertion is the abandonment of a duty or post without permission (a pass, liberty or leave) and is done with the intention of not returning.

The kuge (公家) was a Japanese aristocratic class that dominated the Japanese imperial court in Kyoto.

The International Peace Bureau (IPB) (French: Bureau International de la Paix), founded in 1891, is one of the world's oldest international peace federations.

The International Solidarity Movement (ISM) is a "Palestinian-led movement" focused on assisting the Palestinian cause in the Israeli-Palestinian conflict.

An anti-war movement (also antiwar) is a social movement, usually in opposition to a particular nation's decision to start or carry on an armed conflict, unconditional of a maybe-existing just cause.

The International Day of Non-Violence is observed on October 2, the birthday of Mahatma Gandhi.

Nonviolence (from Sanskrit ahimṣā, non-violence, "lack of desire to harm or kill") is the personal practice of being harmless to self and others under every condition.

World peace or peace on Earth is an ideal state of freedom, peace, and happiness among and within all nations and peoples.

Nonviolent resistance (NVR or nonviolent action) is the practice of achieving goals such as social change through symbolic protests, civil disobedience, economic or political noncooperation, satyagraha, or other methods, without using violence.

The World Peace Council (WPC) is an international organization that advocates universal disarmament, sovereignty and independence and peaceful co-existence, and campaigns against imperialism, weapons of mass destruction and all forms of discrimination.

(See also: Anti-war movement and Peace movement) This list of peace activists includes people who have proactively advocated diplomatic, philosophical, and non-military resolution of major territorial or ideological disputes through nonviolent means and methods.

Pacificism is the general ethical opposition to violence or war, except in cases where force is deemed absolutely necessary to advance the cause of peace.

Clarté (French for "clarity") was a socialist and pacifist organisation in Norway.