Flashcards: Lipids

Cetyl alcohol /ˈsiːtəl/, also known as hexadecan-1-ol and palmityl alcohol, is a fatty alcohol with the formula CH3(CH2)15OH.

Oleamide is an amide of the fatty acid oleic acid.

Prostanoic acid (7-[(1S,2S)-2-octylcyclopentyl]heptanoic acid) is a saturated fatty acid which contains a cyclopentane ring.

Sphingolipids, or glycosylceramides, are a class of lipids containing a backbone of sphingoid bases, a set of aliphatic amino alcohols that includes sphingosine.

Prostacyclin (also called prostaglandin I2 or PGI2) is a prostaglandin member of the eicosanoid family of lipid molecules.

A saturated fat is a type of fat, in which the fatty acids all have single bonds.

Glycolipids are lipids with a carbohydrate attached by a glycosidic bond.

The lipid bilayer is a thin polar membrane made of two layers of lipid molecules.

Leukotrienes are a family of eicosanoid inflammatory mediators produced in leukocytes by the oxidation of arachidonic acid (AA) and the essential fatty acid eicosapentanoic acid (EPA) by the enzyme arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase.

Ceramides are a family of waxy lipid molecules.

Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) is an endogenous fatty acid amide, belonging to the class of nuclear factor agonists.

2-Arachidonyl glyceryl ether (2-AGE, Noladin ether) is a putative endocannabinoid discovered by Lumír Hanuš and colleagues at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel.

Protectin D1 also known as neuroprotectin D1 (when it acts in the nervous system) and abbreviated most commonly as PD1 or NPD1 is a member of the class of specialized proresolving mediators.

Caldarchaeol is a membrane-spanning lipid found in hyperthermophilic archaea.

Palmitoylcarnitine is an ester derivative of carnitine involved in the metabolism of fatty acids.

In organic chemistry glycerolysis (a portmanteau of glycerol and -lysis. meaning "loosening, dissolving, dissolution," from Greek lysis) is the process of breaking chemical bonds via a reaction with glycerin.

N,N-Dimethylsphingosine (also known as DMS) is an inhibitor of sphingosine kinase.

Lipid II is a precursor molecule in the synthesis of the cell wall of bacteria.

Monolaurin, also known as glycerol monolaurate, glyceryl laurate or 1-Lauroyl-glycerol, is a monoglyceride.

Lipid profile or lipid panel is a panel of blood tests that serves as an initial broad medical screening tool for abnormalities in lipids, such as cholesterol and triglycerides.

2-Oleoylglycerol (2OG) is a monoacylglycerol that is found in biologic tissues.

Isopropyl palmitate is the ester of isopropyl alcohol and palmitic acid.

Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a signaling sphingolipid, also known as lysosphingolipid.

Siponimod (or BAF312) is a selective sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor modulator for oral use that is an investigational drug for multiple sclerosis (MS).

Psychosine is a highly cytotoxic lipid that accumulates in the nervous system in the absence of galactosylceramidase.

Hentriacontanonaene is a long-chain polyunsaturated hydrocarbon produced by numerous gamma-proteobacteria primarily from the marine environment.

Archaeol (di-O-phytanylglycerol) is a double ether of sn-1-glycerol where positions 2 and 3 are bound to phytanyl residues.

Ethylhexyl palmitate, or octyl palmitate, is the fatty acid ester derived from 2-ethylhexanol and palmitic acid.

Arachidonyl-2'-chloroethylamide (ACEA) is a synthetic agonist of the cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1R).