Flashcards: Jaw disorders

Micrognathism, also called micrognathia, strawberry chin, hypognathia or hypogthathism, is a condition where the jaw is undersized.

A malocclusion is a misalignment or incorrect relation between the teeth of the two dental arches when they approach each other as the jaws close.

Alveolar osteitis is inflammation of the alveolar bone (i.e., the alveolar process of the maxilla or mandible).

Gnathitis is jaw inflammation.

A keratocystic odontogenic tumour (also keratocystic odontogenic tumor, KCOT) is a rare and benign but locally aggressive developmental cystic neoplasm.

Crossbite is a form of malocclusion where a tooth (or teeth) has a more buccal or lingual position (that is, the tooth is either closer to the cheek or to the tongue) than its corresponding antagonist tooth in the upper or lower dental arch.

Retrognathia (or retrognathism) is a type of malocclusion which refers to an abnormal posterior positioning of the maxilla or mandible, particularly the mandible, relative to the facial skeleton and soft tissues.

Osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ) is a severe bone disease (osteonecrosis) that affects the jaws (the maxilla and the mandible).

Prognathism is the positional relationship of the mandible and/or maxilla to the skeletal base where either of the jaws protrudes beyond a predetermined imaginary line in the coronal plane of the skull.

An oral torus is a lesion made of compact bone and occurs along the palate or the mandible inside the mouth.

Cherubism is a rare genetic disorder that causes prominence in the lower portion in the face.

Maxillary hypoplasia is the name that dentists have given to the underdevelopment of the maxillary bones, which produces midfacial retrusion and creates the illusion of protuberance of the lower jaw.

Bisphosphonate-associated osteonecrosis of the jaw (often abbreviated as BON, BONJ, or BON of the jaw), also called bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ) (pronounced /brɒndʒ/) or bisphosphonate-induced osteonecrosis of the jaw (BIONJ), is osteonecrosis of the jaw in a person with a history of bisphosphonate use who undergoes subsequent dental surgery.

Mandibular fracture, also known as fracture of the jaw, is a break through the mandibular bone.

Overbite medically refers to the extent of vertical (superior-inferior) overlap of the maxillary central incisors over the mandibular central incisors, measured relative to the incisal ridges.

Torus palatinus (pl. tori palatinus) [palatinus torus (pl. palatal tori) in English] is a bony protrusion on the palate.

A buccal exostosis (also termed alveolar exostosis), is an exostosis (bone prominence) on the buccal surface (cheek side) of the alveolar ridge of the maxilla or mandible.

Torus mandibularis (pl. tori mandibulares) (or mandibular torus (pl. mandibular tori) in English) is a bony growth in the mandible along the surface nearest to the tongue.

Hypoplastic maxilla is the name given to the dysfunctional structural condition around which the oral disruption literally pivoted.

A jaw abnormality is disorder in the formation or shape of the jaw.