Flashcards: Ion channels

An ATP-sensitive potassium channel (or KATP channel) is a type of potassium channel that is gated by intracellular nucleotides, ATP and ADP.

The G protein-coupled inwardly-rectifying potassium channels (GIRKs) are a family of inward-rectifier potassium ion channels which are activated (opened) via a signal transduction cascade starting with ligand-stimulated G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs).

The epithelial sodium channel (short: ENaC, also: amiloride-sensitive sodium channel) is a membrane-bound ion-channel that is selectively permeable to Na+ ions and that is assembled as a heterotrimer composed of three homologous subunits α, β, and γ or δ, β, and γ.

GRIK4 (glutamate receptor, ionotropic, kainate 4) is a kainate receptor subtype belonging to the family of ligand-gated ion channels which is encoded by the GRIK4 gene.

Inwardly rectifying potassium channels (Kir, IRK) are a specific subset of potassium (K+) selective ion channels.

Chloride channels are a superfamily of poorly understood ion channels specific for chloride.

PF-4840154 is pyrimidine derivative discovered by Pfizer at its Sandwich, Kent research center.

Members of the Small Conductance Mechanosensitive Ion Channel (MscS) Family (TC# 1.A.23) provide protection against hypo-osmotic shock in bacteria, responding both to stretching of the cell membrane and to membrane depolarization.

The L-type calcium channel (also known as the dihydropyridine channel, or DHP channel) is part of the high-voltage activated family of voltage-dependent calcium channel.

Voltage-dependent anion channels are a class of porin ion channel located on the outer mitochondrial membrane.

The shaker (Sh) gene, when mutated, causes a variety of atypical behaviors in the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster.

Calcium release-activated channels (CRAC) are specialized plasma membrane Ca2+ ion channels.

The Kir2.6 also known as inward rectifier potassium channel 18 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the KCNJ18 gene.

KcsA was the first potassium ion channel to be characterized using x-ray crystallography by Roderick MacKinnon and his colleagues in 1998.

TRPA is a family of transient receptor potential ion channels.

TRPV is a family of transient receptor potential cation channels (TRP channels) in animals.

Two-pore channels are a small family of cation-selective ion channels, with two known paralogs in the human genome.

Voltage-gated potassium channels (VGKCs) are transmembrane channels specific for potassium and sensitive to voltage changes in the cell's membrane potential.

Voltage-gated proton channels are ion channels that have the unique property of opening with depolarization, but in a strongly pH-sensitive manner.

BK channels (Big Potassium), also called Maxi-K or slo1, are potassium channels characterized by their large conductance for potassium ions (K+) through cell membranes.

Glutamate receptor, ionotropic, N-methyl D-aspartate-like 1B, also known as GRINL1B, is a human gene.

The ATP-gated P2X Receptor Cation Channel (P2X Receptor) Family (TC# 1.A.7) consists of cation-permeable ligand gated ion channels that open in response to the binding of extracellular adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP).

Cyclic nucleotide–gated ion channels or CNG channels are ion channels that function in response to the binding of cyclic nucleotides.

SK channels (Small conductance calcium-activated potassium channels) are a subfamily of Ca2+-activated K+ channels.

Calcium-activated potassium channel subunit beta-2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the KCNMB2 gene.

Transient receptor potential channels (TRP channels) are a group of ion channels located mostly on the plasma membrane of numerous animal cell types.

Voltage-gated ion channels are a class of transmembrane proteins that form ion channels that are activated by changes in the electrical membrane potential near the channel.

Calcium-activated potassium channel subunit alpha-1 also known as large conductance calcium-activated potassium channel, subfamily M, alpha member 1 (KCa1.1), or BK for short, is a voltage gated potassium channel encoded by the KCNMA1 gene and characterized by their large conductance of potassium ions (K+) through cell membranes.

Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily A member 4 also known as Kv1.

The P-type calcium channel is a type of voltage-dependent calcium channel.

The Q-type calcium channel is a type of voltage-dependent calcium channel.

The two-pore-domain potassium channel is a family of 15 members form what is known as "leak channels" which possess Goldman-Hodgkin-Katz (open) rectification.

Magnesium transporters are proteins that transport magnesium across the cell membrane.

The cation channels of sperm also known as Catsper channels or CatSper, are ion channels that are related to the two-pore channels and distantly related to TRP channels.