AKI, CKD, diabetes
Which patients are most at risk for hyperkalemia? (3)
ACEi, ARB, NSAIDs, K+ sparing
Which drugs can cause hyperkalemia? (4)
>7
Severe hyperkalemia?
5.1-5.9
Mild hyperkalemia?
6-7
Moderate hyperkalemia?
increased K+ intake, decreased excretion, tubular unresponsiveness to aldosterone, redistribution of K+ into extracellular space
What are the 4 primary causes of hyperkalemia?
administer ca- protect the heart, administer insulin-hide K+ in cells, eliminate K+-diuretic
How do we treat hyperkalemia? (3)
insulin, sodium bicarbonate, nebulized albuterol
Which medications can we use to shift potassium to the intracellular spaces? (3)
furosemide, sodium polystyrene sulfonate
Which medications can we use to promote potassium excretion?
colonic necrosis
- caused by ischemia i.e. poor blood flow to the colon
sodium polystyrene sulfonate
Which medication can cause colonic necrosis?
heart palpitations, skipped beats, ECG changes
What are signs/symptoms of hyperkalemia? (3)
true
Hyperkalemia is usually asymptomatic. T/F?