Flashcards: Human evolution

<section begin=lead />The human genome is the complete set of nucleic acid sequence for humans (Homo sapiens), encoded as DNA within the 23 chromosome pairs in cell nuclei and in a small DNA molecule found within individual mitochondria.

Posthuman or post-human is a concept originating in the fields of science fiction, futurology, contemporary art, and philosophy that literally means a person or entity that exists in a state beyond being human.

Language development is a process starting early in human life.

The genetic history of indigenous peoples of the Americas primarily focuses on Human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroups and Human mitochondrial DNA haplogroups.

In paleoanthropology, the recent African origin of modern humans, also called the "Out of Africa" theory (OOA), the "recent single-origin hypothesis" (RSOH), "replacement hypothesis," or "recent African origin model" (RAO), is the most widely accepted model of the geographic origin and early migration of anatomically modern humans.

Human enhancement is "any attempt to temporarily or permanently overcome the current limitations of the human body through natural or artificial means.

Haplogroup R1, or R-M173, is a Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup.

A population bottleneck (or genetic bottleneck) is a sharp reduction in the size of a population due to environmental events (such as earthquakes, floods, fires, disease, or droughts) or human activities (such as genocide).

Earliest human migrations and expansions of archaic and modern humans across continents began 2 million years ago with the migration out of Africa of Homo erectus.

Lenggong (Chinese: 玲珑) is a town, a mukim and a parliamentary constituency in Hulu Perak District, Perak, Malaysia.

The origin of language in the human species has been the topic of scholarly discussions for several centuries.

The Red Deer Cave People were the most recently known prehistoric Hominin population that did not look like modern humans.

The term anatomically modern humans (AMH) or anatomically modern Homo sapiens (AMHS) refers in paleoanthropology to individual members of the species Homo sapiens with an appearance consistent with the range of phenotypes in modern humans.

Human taxonomy is the classification of the species Homo sapiens (Latin: "knowing man"), or the modern hominin, humans.

Microcephalin (MCPH1) is a gene that is expressed during fetal brain development.

Social Bonding and Nurture Kinship: compatibility between cultural and biological approaches is a book on human kinship and social behavior by Maximilian Holland, published in 2012.

Persistence hunting (sometimes called endurance hunting or cursorial hunting) is a hunting technique in which hunters, who may be slower than their prey over short distances, use a combination of running, walking, and tracking to pursue prey until it is exhausted.

The European Society for the study of Human Evolution (abbreviated as ESHE) is a non-profit organization whose intention is to promote the fields of research which are involved in the investigation into the biological and cultural evolution of humans.

Evolutionary aesthetics refers to evolutionary psychology theories in which the basic aesthetic preferences of Homo sapiens are argued to have evolved in order to enhance survival and reproductive success.

Sexual selection in humans concerns the concept of sexual selection, introduced by Charles Darwin as an element of his theory of natural selection, as it affects humans.

The social effects of evolutionary thought have been considerable.

The evolution of human intelligence is closely tied to the evolution of the human brain and to the origin of language.

The origins of society — the evolutionary emergence of distinctively human social organization — is an important topic within evolutionary biology, anthropology, prehistory and palaeolithic archaeology.

The Ascent of Man is a 13-part documentary television series produced by the BBC and Time-Life Films first transmitted in 1973, written and presented by Jacob Bronowski.

The gibbon–human last common ancestor (GHLCA, GLCA, or G/H LCA) is the last species that the families Hominidae and Hylobatidae (i.e. the orangutan–gorilla–chimpanzee–human last common ancestor on one hand and gibbons on the other) share as a common ancestor.

The gorilla–human last common ancestor (GHLCA, GLCA, or G/H LCA) is the last species that the tribes Hominini and Gorillini (i.e. the chimpanzee–human last common ancestor on one hand and gorillas on the other) share as a common ancestor.

The orangutan–human last common ancestor (OHLCA, OLCA, or O/H LCA) is the last species that the subfamilies Homininae and Ponginae (i.e. the gorilla–chimpanzee–human last common ancestor on one hand and orangutans on the other) share as a common ancestor.

Race, Evolution, and Behavior: A Life History Perspective is a book by J.

Missing Link is a 1988 film written and directed by Carol and David Hughes.

Monogenism or sometimes monogenesis is the theory of human origins which posits a common descent for all human races.

The grandmother hypothesis is a theory to explain the existence of menopause in human life history by identifying the adaptive value of extended kin networking.

In human mitochondrial genetics, L is the mitochondrial DNA macro-haplogroup that is at the root of the human mtDNA phylogenetic tree.

Australopithecines are generally all species in the related Australopithecus and Paranthropus genera, and it typically includes Kenyanthropus, Ardipithecus, and Praeanthropus.

The emergence of religious behavior by the Neolithic period has been discussed in terms of evolutionary psychology, the origin of language and mythology, cross-cultural comparison of the anthropology of religion, as well as evidence for spirituality or cultic behaviour in the Upper Paleolithic, and similarities in great ape behaviour.

Nacholapithecus is a Middle Miocene genus of hominoid found in the Nachola formation in northern Kenya, a key genus in early hominid evolution.