Flashcards: History of physics

The cloud chamber, also known as the Wilson chamber, is a particle detector used for detecting ionizing radiation.

The B Reactor at the Hanford Site, near Richland, Washington, was the first large-scale nuclear reactor ever built.

Tired light is a class of hypothetical redshift mechanisms that was proposed as an alternative explanation for the redshift-distance relationship.

The Japanese program to develop nuclear weapons was conducted during World War II.

The Physics (Greek: Φυσικὴ ἀκρόασις Phusike akroasis; Latin: Physica, or Physicae Auscultationes, meaning "lectures on nature") of Aristotle is one of the foundational books of Western science and philosophy.

The history of quantum mechanics is a fundamental part of the history of modern physics.

Le Sage's theory of gravitation is a kinetic theory of gravity originally proposed by Nicolas Fatio de Duillier in 1690 and later by Georges-Louis Le Sage in 1748.

A bubble chamber is a vessel filled with a superheated transparent liquid (most often liquid hydrogen) used to detect electrically charged particles moving through it.

In physics, action at a distance is the concept that an object can be moved, changed, or otherwise affected without being physically touched (as in mechanical contact) by another object.

General relativity (GR) is a theory of gravitation that was developed by Albert Einstein between 1907 and 1915, with contributions by many others after 1915.

Timaeus (/taɪˈmiːəs/; Greek: Τίμαιος, Timaios, pronounced [tǐmaɪ̯os]) is one of Plato's dialogues, mostly in the form of a long monologue given by the title character Timaeus of Locri, written c.

The German nuclear weapon project (German: Uranprojekt; informally known as the Uranverein; English: Uranium Society or Uranium Club) was a clandestine scientific effort led by Germany to develop and produce nuclear weapons during World War II.

Length contraction is the phenomenon of a decrease in length of an object as measured by an observer who is traveling at any non-zero velocity relative to the object.

The pitch drop experiment is a long-term experiment that measures the flow of a piece of pitch over many years.

In physics, the law of conservation of energy states that the total energy of an isolated system remains constant—it is said to be conserved over time.

Physikalische Zeitschrift (English: Physical Journal) was a German scientific journal of physics published from 1899 to 1945 by S.

Codex on the Flight of Birds is a relatively short codex of circa 1505 by Leonardo da Vinci.

The mathematical formulations of quantum mechanics are those mathematical formalisms that permit a rigorous description of quantum mechanics.

The history of fluid mechanics, the study of how fluids move and the forces on them, dates back to the Ancient Greeks.

N rays (or N-rays) were a hypothesized form of radiation, described by French physicist Prosper-René Blondlot in 1903, and initially confirmed by others, but subsequently found to be illusory.

The Copernican Question: Prognostication, Skepticism, and Celestial Order is a 704-page book written by Robert S.

Newton's laws of motion are three physical laws that, together, laid the foundation for classical mechanics.

Atom: Journey Across the Subatomic Cosmos is a non-fiction book by Isaac Asimov.

The history of electromagnetic theory begins with ancient measures to understand atmospheric electricity, in particular lightning.

In the late 19th century, luminiferous aether, aether or ether, meaning light-bearing aether, was the postulated medium for the propagation of light.

Ideas concerning the origin and fate of the world date from the earliest known writings; however, for almost all of that time, there was no attempt to link such theories to the existence of a "Solar System", simply because almost no one knew or believed that the Solar System, in the sense we now understand it, existed.

The Bohr–Einstein debates were a series of public disputes about quantum mechanics between Albert Einstein and Niels Bohr.

Criticism of the theory of relativity of Albert Einstein was mainly expressed in the early years after its publication in the early twentieth century, on scientific, pseudoscientific, philosophical, or ideological bases.

Andrew Pritchard (1804 –1882) was an English naturalist and natural history dealer who made significant improvements to microscopy and studied microscopic organisms.

Batteries provided the main source of electricity before the development of electric generators and electrical grids around the end of the 19th century.

In research design, especially in psychology, social sciences, life sciences, and physics, operationalization is a process of defining the measurement of a phenomenon that is not directly measurable, though its existence is indicated by other phenomena.

Night Thoughts of a Classical Physicist is an historical novel by historian of science Russell McCormmach, published in 1982 by Harvard University Press.

Optics began with the development of lenses by the ancient Egyptians and Mesopotamians, followed by theories on light and vision developed by ancient Greek philosophers, and the development of geometrical optics in the Greco-Roman world.

In physics, theories of gravitation postulate mechanisms of interaction governing the movements of bodies with mass.

In particle physics, the history of quantum field theory starts with its creation by Paul Dirac, when he attempted to quantize the electromagnetic field in the late 1920s.

Raffaello Magiotti (1597 – 1656) was an Italian astronomer, mathematician and physicist.