Flashcards: History of California

The recorded history of the San Diego, California, region began in the present state of California when San Diego Bay was first discovered by Europeans.

Manzanar is most widely known as the site of one of ten camps where over 110,000 Japanese Americans were incarcerated during World War II.

Fort Ross (Russian: Форт-Росс), originally Fortress Ross (Крѣпость Россъ, tr. Krepostʹ Ross), is a former Russian establishment on the west coast of North America in what is now Sonoma County, California, in the United States.

Russian America (Russian: Русская Америка, Russkaya Amerika) was the name of the Russian colonial possessions in the Americas from 1733 to 1867.

Hearst Castle is a National Historic Landmark and California Historical Landmark mansion located on the Central Coast of California, United States.

Gaspar de Portolá i Rovira (1716–1786) was a Spanish soldier and administrator in New Spain and became the founder and first governor of Alta California, as commander of the Spanish colonizing expedition on land and sea that established San Diego and Monterey.

Same-sex marriage is legal in the U.

The California Republic was a short-lived, unrecognized breakaway state that, for twenty-five days in 1846, militarily controlled the area to the north of the San Francisco Bay in the present-day state of California.

Felipe de Neve (1724–1784) was fourth governor of Alta California, from 1775 to 1782.

The State of Deseret (/ˌdɛzəˈrɛt/) was a provisional state of the United States, proposed in 1849 by settlers from The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) in Salt Lake City.

Sebastián Vizcaíno (1548–1624) was a Spanish soldier, entrepreneur, explorer, and diplomat whose varied roles took him to New Spain, the Philippines, the Baja California peninsula, the California coast and Japan.

Alta California (English: Upper California), founded in 1769 by Gaspar de Portolá, was a polity of New Spain and after the Mexican War of Independence in 1822, a territory of Mexico.

Sutter's Mill was a sawmill, owned by 19th-century pioneer John Sutter, where gold was found, setting off the California Gold Rush.

The Panama–Pacific International Exposition (PPIE) was a world's fair held in San Francisco, in the United States, between February 20 and December 4 in 1915.

Fernando Javier Rivera y Moncada (c. 1725 – July 18, 1781) was a soldier who served in the Baja California peninsula and Alta California, participating in several early overland explorations.

The Wineville Chicken Coop Murders—also known as the Wineville Chicken Murders—were a series of abductions and murders of young boys that occurred in the city of Los Angeles and in Riverside County, California, between 1926 and 1928.

Bodie (/ˈboʊdiː/ BOH-dee) is a ghost town in the Bodie Hills east of the Sierra Nevada mountain range in Mono County, California, United States, about 75 miles (121 km) southeast of Lake Tahoe.

Coloma (formerly, Colluma and Culloma) is a census-designated place in El Dorado County, California, USA.

The traitorous eight are eight men who left Shockley Semiconductor Laboratory in 1957.

The Pitt River Expedition is the name given to several expeditions, detailed below.

Railroad Wars are very common in American history.

The Argonaut was a literary journal based in San Francisco, California that ran from 1877 to 1956, founded and published originally by Frank M.

California Farmer (1854-2013) was the state of California's leading farm magazine for more than a century.

David Colbreth Broderick (February 4, 1820 – September 16, 1859) was an attorney and politician, elected by the legislature as Democratic U.

California English (or Californian English) collectively refers to the American English of California, particularly an emerging youthful variety associated with white speakers of urban and coastal California.

In the California coast, the use of ships and the Pacific Ocean has historically included water craft (such as dugouts, canoes, sailing ships, and steamships), fisheries, shipbuilding, Gold Rush shipping, ports, shipwrecks, naval ships and installations, and lighthouses.

George Treat (1819–1907) was an early Gold Rush-era pioneer in the Mission District, of San Francisco, a businessman, abolitionist, a member of the first Committee of Vigilance of San Francisco, and horse racing enthusiast.

The Mission Revival Style was an architectural movement that began in the late 19th century for a colonial style's revivalism and reinterpretation, which drew inspiration from the late 18th and early 19th century Spanish missions in California.

The Silverado Squatters (1883) is Robert Louis Stevenson's travel memoir of his two-month honeymoon trip with Fanny Vandegrift (and her son Lloyd Osbourne) to Napa Valley, California, in 1880.

John Meirs Horner (1821–1907) was a key figure in the early history of San Francisco and southern Alameda County, California especially what is now Fremont, California and Union City.

John Swett (July 31, 1830 – August 22, 1913) is considered to be the "Father of the California public school" system and the "Horace Mann of the Pacific".

John Work (c. 1792 – 22 December 1861) was a chief factor of the Hudson's Bay Company and head of one of the original founding families in Victoria, British Columbia.

The Sitgreaves Expedition Down the Zuni and Colorado Rivers in 1851 was a combined American scientific and military mission to explore the Zuni River, the Little Colorado River and the Colorado River in 1851.

Imperial is a 2009 study of south-east California by American author William T.

The State of Jefferson is a proposed U.

The Bombardment of Ellwood during World War II was a naval attack by a Japanese submarine against United States coastal targets near Santa Barbara, California.

The First Battle of Tijuana was an early engagement of the Mexican Revolution and the first significant victory for the Magonistas.

All types of floods can occur in California, though 90% are caused by riverine flooding.

Fort Anderson or Camp Anderson, was a military post first established in May 1862 by California Volunteers during the Bald Hills War.

Little Ethiopia is a block-long stretch of Fairfax Avenue in the Mid-Wilshire District of Central Los Angeles, California, part of the P.

The Second Battle of Tijuana was fought during the Mexican Revolution in June 1911.

Gloria Ricci Lothrop (December 30, 1934 – February 2, 2015) was a California historian who taught at Cal Poly Pomona and Cal State Northridge.

The Synanon organization, initially a drug rehabilitation program, was founded by Charles E.

For over 3,000 years Sierra Miwok, Mono, Paiute, and other Native American groups have lived in the central Sierra Nevada region of California.

Sunkist Growers, Incorporated is a citrus growers' non-stock membership cooperative composed of 6,000 members from California and Arizona.

The Mother Orange Tree is the oldest living orange tree in Northern California.

The Constitution of the State of California is the document that establishes and describes the duties, powers, structure and function of the government of the U.

Californio (historical and regional Spanish for "Californian") is a Spanish term for a descendant of a person of Castillian or other Spanish ancestry who was born in what is now the U.

The Ancient Bristlecone Pine Forest is a protected area high in the White Mountains in Inyo County in eastern California.

The 1970s proved to be a pivotal period for the anti-nuclear movement in California.

The Land of Sunshine was a magazine published in Los Angeles, California between 1894 and 1923.

The Automobile Club of Southern California is the Southern California affiliate of the American Automobile Association (AAA) federation of motor clubs.

The state highway system in the U.

The Battle of Kelley Creek, also known as the Last Massacre, is often considered to be one of the last known massacres carried out between Native Americans and forces of the United States, and was a closing event to occur near the end of the American Indian warfare era.

Benjamin Hayes, or Benjamin Ignatius Hayes, (1815–77) was an American pioneer who was the first judge of the district court that served Los Angeles, San Diego and San Bernardino counties in California.

Native Daughters of the Golden West is an American non-profit organization for women born in California.

Robinson v. California, 370 U.

Roy's Motel and Café is a motel, café, gas station and auto repair shop, defunct for many years but now being largely restored, on the National Trails Highway of U.

The California Water Wars were a series of conflicts between the city of Los Angeles and farmers and ranchers in the Owens Valley of Eastern California.

The Port of San Francisco is a semi-independent organization run by a five-member commission, appointed by the Mayor and approved by the Board of Supervisors.

SS Ada Hancock was a steam-powered tender owned by Phineas Banning used to transfer passengers and cargo to and from large coastal steamships in San Pedro Harbor in the early 1860s.

The Capture of Mexicali, or the Battle of Mexicali, was the first action of the Mexican Revolution taken by rebel Magonistas against the federal Mexican government of Porfirio Diaz.

The Sierra Club is an environmental organization in the United States.

Delilah Leontium Beasley (September 9, 1867 – August 18, 1934), was an American historian, and newspaper columnist for the Oakland Tribune, Oakland, California, US.

The Tule Lake Unit of the World War II Valor in the Pacific National Monument in Modoc and Siskiyou counties in California, consists primarily of the site of the Tule Lake War Relocation Center, one of ten concentration camps constructed in 1942 by the United States government to incarcerate Japanese Americans forcibly removed from their homes on the West Coast.