Values, duties, morals, religion and law are involved with ethics. True or false?
False; religion and law are not included.
What is ethics?
It is the study of how a person out to behave based on standards of what is right and wrong.
What is morality?
A belief system encompassing a person's values, beliefs and sense of duty and responsibility.
What are morals?
What a person believes is right and wrong.
Ethics can be described as a person's collection of ___.
Ethics can be described as a person's collection of morals.
___ are obligations a person has in response to another's claims on him or her/
Duties are obligations a person has in response to another's claims on him or her.
Health care providers have a moral and ethical duty to care for their patients in a competent manner. True or false?
True.
Describe the teleological theory.
An action is determined as right or wrong based on its results. Also known as consequence-based theory. Theoretically the "right" action should bring out the most benefit for the most people.
Describe the deontological theory.
Demands that a moral and honest action is taken, regardless of the outcome. Deontology developed from the word "duty".
Describe the virtue ethics.
Looks at the ethical character of the person making the decision, rather than at their reasoning. It states that a person of moral character will act wisely, fairly, and honestly and will uphold the principles of justice. Unlike teleological and deontological theories, it does not provide guidelines for decision making.
Describe the ethical principles relevant to health care.
Beneficence: the act of doing good and being kind
Nonmaleficence: causing no harm
Double effect: choosing the option that causes the greatest good
Respect: right to autonomy, truthfulness, not withholding info, honoring decisions
Truthfulness: all patients have a right to the truth
Fidelity: professionals must adhere to their codes of ethics (to be faithful)
Justice: distributive, compensatory, procedural
What is the purpose of an ethics committee?
A group of people who evaluate and make recommendations on perceived unethical acts. And provide guidance in making controversial medical decisions.
Withdrawing life saving measures is different from a DNR. True or false? Explain.
True. Withdrawing life saving measures is where interventions the patient already was on is stopped (withdrawn), but a DNR is letting natural death occur without intervening. Usually for those who are critically ill.
What are the various categories of euthanasia?
- Voluntary (MAID)
- Involuntary (MURDER)- Active (MAID)
- Passive (removing life support)
- MAID
What are the two categories of MAID?
What are advanced directives?
Instruction on the patient's treatments if they are unable to make these decisions at a later time.