Flashcards: G protein coupled receptors

G protein–coupled receptors (GPCRs) which are also known as seven-transmembrane domain receptors, 7TM receptors, heptahelical receptors, serpentine receptor, and G protein–linked receptors (GPLR), constitute a large protein family of receptors, that sense molecules outside the cell and activate inside signal transduction pathways and, ultimately, cellular responses.

The thyrotropin receptor (or TSH receptor) is a receptor (and associated protein) that responds to thyroid-stimulating hormone (also known as "thyrotropin") and stimulates the production of thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3).

Muscarinic acetylcholine receptors, or mAChRs, are acetylcholine receptors that form G protein-receptor complexes in the cell membranes of certain neurons and other cells.

Dopamine receptors are a class of G protein-coupled receptors that are prominent in the vertebrate central nervous system (CNS).

The angiotensin receptors are a class of G protein-coupled receptors with angiotensin II as their ligands.

GABAB receptors (GABABR) are metabotropic transmembrane receptors for gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) that are linked via G-proteins to potassium channels.

The GABA receptors are a class of receptors that respond to the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), the chief inhibitory compound in the mature vertebrate central nervous system.

Cannabinoid receptors, located throughout the body, are part of the Endocannabinoid system which is involved in a variety of physiological processes including appetite, pain-sensation, mood, and memory.

The neuromedin U receptors are two G-protein coupled receptors which bind the neuropeptide hormones neuromedin U and neuromedin S.

Pheromones have evolved in all animal phyla, to signal sex and dominance status, and are responsible for stereotypical social and sexual behaviour among members of the same species.

The relaxin receptors are a subclass of four closely related G protein-coupled receptors that bind relaxin peptide hormones.

The Retinoic Acid-Inducible orphan G-protein-coupled receptors (RAIG) are a group of four closely related G protein-coupled receptors whose expression is induced by retinoic acid.

Rhodopsin-like receptors are a family of proteins that comprise the largest group of G protein-coupled receptors.

The class C G-protein-coupled receptors (InterPro: IPR000337) are a class of G-protein coupled receptors that include the metabotropic glutamate receptors (InterPro: IPR000162) and several additional receptors.

The Methuselah-like proteins are a family of G protein-coupled receptors found in insects that play a role in aging and reproduction.

Brain-specific angiogenesis inhibitors are G-protein coupled receptors belonging to the class B secretin subfamily.

There are two known parathyroid hormone receptors in mammals termed PTH1R and PTH2R.

S-14,506 is a phenylpiperazine, a 5-HT1A receptor agonist, and a dopamine receptor antagonist.

Orexin receptor type 2 (Ox2R or OX2), also known as hypocretin receptor type 2, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HCRTR2 gene.

G-protein coupled receptor 143 is a protein encoded by the GPR143 gene in humans.

Flamingo is a member of the adhesion-GPCR family of proteins.

Fungal pheromone mating factor receptors form a distinct family of G-protein-coupled receptors.

The γ-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) receptor (GHBR), originally identified as GPR172A, is a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) that binds the neurotransmitter and psychoactive drug γ-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB).

G protein-coupled receptor 137B also known as GPR137B is a G protein-coupled receptor which in humans is encoded by the GPR137B gene.

GPCRdb contains data, web tools and diagrams for G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs).

The galanin receptor is a G protein-coupled receptor, or metabotropic receptor which binds galanin.

Secretin family of 7 transmembrane receptors is a family of evolutionarily related proteins.

The medial orbital gyrus presents a well-marked antero-posterior sulcus, the olfactory sulcus, for the olfactory tract.

Phosphoinositide phospholipase C (PLC) (EC 3.1.4.11, triphosphoinositide phosphodiesterase, phosphoinositidase C, 1-phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase, monophosphatidylinositol phosphodiesterase, phosphatidylinositol phospholipase C, PI-PLC, 1-phosphatidyl-D-myo-inositol-4,5-bisphosphate inositoltrisphosphohydrolase) is a family of eukaryotic intracellular enzymes that play an important role in signal transduction processes.

Protease-activated receptors are a subfamily of related G protein-coupled receptors that are activated by cleavage of part of their extracellular domain.

Cyclic AMP receptors from slime molds are a distinct family of G-protein coupled receptors.

The D1–D2 dopamine receptor heteromer is a receptor heteromer consisting of D1 and D2 protomers.

The free fatty acid receptor is a G-protein coupled receptor which binds free fatty acids.

Frizzled is a family of G protein-coupled receptor proteins that serves as receptors in the Wnt signaling pathway and other signaling pathways.

The olfactory tubercle (OT, tuberculum olfactorium) is a multi-sensory processing center in the olfactory cortex that plays a role in reward behaviors.

The orexin receptor (also referred to as the hypocretin receptor) is a G-protein-coupled receptor that binds the neuropeptide orexin.

The prokineticin receptor is a G protein-coupled receptor which binds the peptide hormone prokineticin.

There are five known somatostatin receptors: * SST1 (SSTR1) * SST2 (SSTR2) * SST3 (SSTR3) * SST4 (SSTR4) * SST5 (SSTR5) All are G protein-coupled seven transmembrane receptors.

The neurotensin receptors are transmembrane receptors that bind the neurotransmitter neurotensin.

There are at least four known endothelin receptors, ETA, ETB1, ETB2 and ETC, all of which are G protein-coupled receptors whose activation result in elevation of intracellular-free calcium, which constricts the smooth muscles of the blood vessels, raising blood pressure, or relaxes the smooth muscles of the blood vessels, lowering blood pressure, among other functions.

The gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor (GNRHR), also known as the luteinizing hormone releasing hormone receptor (LHRHR), is a member of the seven-transmembrane, G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) family.

Two Melanin-concentrating hormone receptors (MCHR) have recently been characterized: MCH-R1 and MCH-R2.

Melatonin receptor 1C, also known as MTNR1C, is a protein that is encoded by the Mtnr1c gene.

The neuropeptide B/W receptors are members of the G-protein coupled receptor superfamily of integral membrane proteins which bind the neuropeptides B and W.

The bradykinin receptor family is a group of G-protein coupled receptors whose principal ligand is the protein bradykinin.

The neuropeptide FF receptors are members of the G-protein coupled receptor superfamily of integral membrane proteins which bind the pain modulatory neuropeptides AF and FF.

Neuropeptide Y receptors are a class of G-protein coupled receptors which are activated by the closely related peptide hormones neuropeptide Y, peptide YY and pancreatic polypeptide.

A taste receptor is a type of receptor which facilitates the sensation of taste.

There are three known mammalian tachykinin receptors termed NK1, NK2 and NK3.

The EGF module-containing Mucin-like hormone Receptors (EMRs) are closely related subgroup of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs).

The SREB (Super Conserved Receptor Expressed in Brain) are a group of related G-protein coupled receptors.

The Cholecystokinin A receptor is a human protein, also known as CCKAR or CCK1, with CCK1 now being the IUPHAR-recommended name.

Cholecystokinin receptors or CCK receptors are a group of G-protein coupled receptors which bind the peptide hormones cholecystokinin (CCK) and gastrin.