Flashcards: Endocrine disruptors

Perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (conjugate base perfluorooctanesulfonate) (PFOS) is an anthropogenic fluorosurfactant and global pollutant.

1,2-Dibromoethane, also known as ethylene dibromide (EDB), is the organobromine compound with the chemical formula (CH2Br)2.

Chloroform, or trichloromethane, is an organic compound with formula CHCl3.

Bisphenol A (BPA) is an organic synthetic compound with the chemical formula (CH3)2C(C6H4OH)2 belonging to the group of diphenylmethane derivatives and bisphenols, with two hydroxyphenyl groups.

Ketoconazole (INN, USAN, BAN, JAN) is a synthetic imidazole antifungal drug used primarily to treat fungal infections.

Aldrin is an organochlorine insecticide that was widely used until the 1970s, when it was banned in most countries.

Butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) is an antioxidant consisting of a mixture of two isomeric organic compounds, 2-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole and 3-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole.

Hexachlorobenzene, or perchlorobenzene, is an organochloride with the molecular formula C6Cl6.

Permethrin is a medication and chemical widely used as an insecticide, acaricide, and insect repellent.

Cypermethrin is a synthetic pyrethroid used as an insecticide in large-scale commercial agricultural applications as well as in consumer products for domestic purposes.

Carbaryl (1-naphthyl methylcarbamate) is a chemical in the carbamate family used chiefly as an insecticide.

Dibutyl phthalate (DBP) is a commonly used plasticizer.

Thiram is a fungicide, ectoparasiticide, and animal repellent.

Chlordane, or chlordan, is an organochlorine compound used as a pesticide.

Heptachlor is an organochlorine compound that was used as an insecticide.

Diethanolamine, often abbreviated as DEA or DEOA, is an organic compound with the formula HN(CH2CH2OH)2.

Diethyl phthalate (DEP) is a phthalate ester, namely the diethyl ester of phthalic acid.

Malathion is an organophosphate insecticide of relatively low human toxicity.

Dieldrin is an organochloride originally produced in 1948 by J.

Phenothrin, also called sumithrin and d-phenothrin, is a synthetic pyrethroid that kills adult fleas and ticks.

Fenarimol, sold under the tradenames Bloc, Rimidin and Rubigan, is a fungicide which acts against rusts, blackspot and mildew fungi.

Bifluranol (INN, BAN) (brand name Prostarex) (former developmental code name BX-341) is an non-steroidal estrogen of the stilbestrol group related to diethylstilbestrol that is used as an antiandrogen in the United Kingdom in the treatment of prostate cancer.

Acefluranol (INN, BAN) (developmental code name BX-591), also known as 2,3-bis(3,4-diacetoxy-5-fluorophenyl)pentane, is a non-steroidal antiestrogen of the stilbestrol group that was never marketed.

Zineb is the chemical compound with the formula {Zn[S2CN(H)CH2CH2N(H)CS2]}n.

Lindane, also known as gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane, (γ-HCH), gammaxene, Gammallin and sometimes incorrectly called benzene hexachloride (BHC), is an organochlorine chemical variant of hexachlorocyclohexane that has been used both as an agricultural insecticide and as a pharmaceutical treatment for lice and scabies.

Endocrine disruptors are chemicals that, at certain doses, can interfere with endocrine (or hormone) systems.

Atrazine is an herbicide of the triazine class.

Methoxychlor is a synthetic organochlorine used as an insecticide.

Fenvalerate is an insecticide.

Vinclozolin (trade names Ronilan, Curalan, Vorlan, Touche) is a common dicarboximide fungicide used to control diseases, such as blights, rots and molds in vineyards, and on fruits and vegetables such as raspberries, lettuce, kiwi, snap beans, and onions.

Benzylbutylphthalate (BBzP), also called n-butyl benzyl phthalate (BBP) or benzyl butyl phthalate, is a phthalate, an ester of phthalic acid, benzyl alcohol and n-butanol.

Fipronil is a broad-use insecticide that belongs to the phenylpyrazole chemical family.

Procymidone is a pesticide.

Nonylphenols are a family of closely related organic compounds called alkylphenols.

Toxaphene was an insecticide used primarily for cotton in the southern United States during the late 1960s and 1970s.

Trifluralin is a commonly used pre-emergence herbicide.

Dicofol is an organochlorine pesticide that is chemically related to DDT.

Bisphenol S (BPS) is an organic compound with the formula (HOC6H4)2SO2.

Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate, diethylhexyl phthalate, DEHP; dioctyl phthalate, DOP), is an organic compound with the formula C8H4(C8H17COO)2.

Carbendazim is a widely used, broad-spectrum benzimidazole fungicide and a metabolite of benomyl.

Pentachloronitrobenzene, typically abbreviated PCNB, is a registered fungicide formally derived from nitrobenzene.

Mirex is an organochloride that was commercialized as an insecticide and later banned because of its impact on the environment.

Acetochlor is a herbicide developed by Monsanto Company and Zeneca.

Alachlor is an herbicide from the chloroacetanilide family.

3-Amino-1,2,4-triazole (3-AT) is a heterocyclic organic compound that consists of a 1,2,4-triazole substituted with an amino group.

Methomyl is a carbamate insecticide introduced in 1966.

Pendimethalin is an herbicide of the dinitroaniline class used in premergence and postemergence applications to control annual grasses and certain broadleaf weeds.

Pentachlorophenol (PCP) is an organochlorine compound used as a pesticide and a disinfectant.

Kepone, also known as chlordecone, is an organochlorine compound and a colourless solid.

Diethylstilbestrol (DES) (INN, USAN, BAN), also known formerly (and inappropriately) as stilboestrol (BAN), is a synthetic, non-steroidal estrogen of the stilbestrol group that was first synthesized in 1938.

Endosulfan is an off-patent organochlorine insecticide and acaricide that is being phased out globally.

Methiocarb is a carbamate pesticide which is used as a bird repellent, insecticide, acaricide and molluscicide since the 1960s.