Flashcards: Demyelinating diseases of CNS

Balo concentric sclerosis is a disease in which the white matter of the brain appears damaged in concentric layers, leaving the axis cylinder intact.

Neuromyelitis optica (NMO), also known as Devic's disease or Devic's syndrome, is a heterogeneous condition consisting of the simultaneous inflammation and demyelination of the optic nerve (optic neuritis) and the spinal cord (myelitis).

Alexander disease, also known as fibrinoid leukodystrophy, is a progressive and fatal neurodegenerative disease.

Canavan disease, also called Canavan-Van Bogaert-Bertrand disease, is an autosomal recessive degenerative disorder that causes progressive damage to nerve cells in the brain, and is one of the most common degenerative cerebral diseases of infancy.

Metachromatic leukodystrophy (MLD, also called Arylsulfatase A deficiency) is a lysosomal storage disease which is commonly listed in the family of leukodystrophies as well as among the sphingolipidoses as it affects the metabolism of sphingolipids.

Krabbe disease (also known as globoid cell leukodystrophy or galactosylceramide lipidosis) is a rare, often fatal degenerative disorder that affects the myelin sheath of the nervous system.

Alpers' disease, also called Alpers' syndrome, Alpers-Huttenlocher syndrome (AHS), progressive sclerosing poliodystrophy, and progressive infantile poliodystrophy, is a progressive degenerative disease of the central nervous system first recognized by Alfons Maria Jakob, a German neuropathologist, that occurs mostly in infants and children.

A hereditary CNS demyelinating disease is a demyelinating central nervous system disease that is primarily due to an inherited genetic condition.

Leukoencephalopathy with vanishing white matter (VWM disease) is an autosomal recessive neurological disease.

Pelizaeus–Merzbacher disease (PMD) is a rare central nervous system disorder in which coordination, motor abilities, and intellectual function are delayed to variable extents.

Diffuse myelinoclastic sclerosis, sometimes referred to as "Schilder's disease", is a very infrequent neurodegenerative disease that presents clinically as pseudotumoural demyelinating lesions, that make its diagnosis difficult.

Adrenoleukodystrophy (/-ˌlu-koʊ-ˈdis-trə-fiː/; also known as X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy, ALD, X-ALD, Siemerling–Creutzfeldt disease or bronze Schilder disease) is a disease that is linked on the X chromosome.

Central pontine myelinolysis (CPM), also known as Osmotic demyelination syndrome or Central pontine demyelination, is a neurological disease caused by severe damage of the myelin sheath of nerve cells in the brainstem, more precisely in the area termed the pons, predominately of iatrogenic etiology.

CAMFAK syndrome (or CAMAK syndrome) is an acronym used to describe a rare inherited neurologic disease, characterized by peripheral and central demyelination of nerves, similar to that seen in Cockayne syndrome.