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Flashcards: Covalent Bonding questions
what is covalent bonding
when non-metals bond by sharing electrons
what makes the covalent bond extra strong
the positively charged nuclei of the bonded atoms are attracted to the shared pair of electrons by electrostatic forces
what does one single covalent bond mean
one extra electron for each atom
what does it create enough bonds to do
fill the outer shell
what does covalent bonding happen in
non-metal compounds and elements
what do dot and cross diagrmans show
where th electrons in the bond come from
what do dot and cross diagrams not show
the relative size or how they are arramged
what does a ball and stick diagram show
connections in large molecules
what do ball and stick diagrams not show
the 3D structure, where the electrons come from and which atom etc
what do 3D models show
atoms, bonds and arrangments
what do 3D models not show
where the electrons came from. they can also become confusing with large molecules
what are hydrogen atoms bonded by
one single covalent bond
what are chlorine atoms bonded by
single covalent bond
what are oxygen atoms bonded by
double covalent bond
what are nitrogen atoms bonded by
triple covalent bond
what is hydrochloric acid bonded by
one single covalent bond
what is methane bonded by
4 single covalent bonds
what is water bonded by ( a polar moleucle)
2 single covalent bonds
what do substamces containing convalent bonds have in terms of structure
simple moiclecular structures
what are the atoms within the molecle sheld together by
very strong molecular
what do the bonds between molecules have
weak intermolecular bonds of attraction
why do the simple molecular compounds have low melting and boiling points
only a small amount of energy is needed to break the weak intermolecular bonds
what are most molecular substances usually at room temp
liquids or gases
why dont molecularcompounds conduct electricity
particles arent charged or freely-moveable
why do boiling points increase as the molecules get bigger
intermolecular forces increase so more energy is needed to break the bonds