Flashcards: Concepts in metaphysics

Absolute space and time is a concept in physics and philosophy about the properties of the universe.

Immanence refers to those philosophical and metaphysical theories of divine presence in which the divine encompasses or is manifested in the material world.

In early philosophies of psychology and metaphysics, conatus (/koʊˈneɪtəs/; Latin for "effort; endeavor; impulse, inclination, tendency; undertaking; striving") is an innate inclination of a thing to continue to exist and enhance itself.

Existence is commonly held to be that which objectively persists independent of one's presence.

In logic, necessity and sufficiency are implicational relationships between statements.

An object is a technical term in modern philosophy often used in contrast to the term subject.

Objectivity is a central philosophical concept, related to reality and truth, which has been variously defined by sources.

In many religions, philosophical, and mythological traditions, the soul is the incorporeal and immortal essence of a living being.

Free will in theology is an important part of the debate on free will in general.

Destiny or fate is a predetermined course of events.

An entity is something that exists as itself, as a subject or as an object, actually or potentially, concretely or abstractly, physically or not.

Experience is the knowledge or mastery of an event or subject gained through involvement in or exposure to it.

A phenomenon (Greek: , phainomenon, from the verb phainein, to show, shine, appear, to be manifest or manifest itself, plural phenomena) is any thing which manifests itself.

A principle is a law or rule that has to be, or usually is to be followed, or can be desirably followed, or is an inevitable consequence of something, such as the laws observed in nature or the way that a system is constructed.

"A subject means subject, but an object means object.

The human condition is "the characteristics, key events, and situations which compose the essentials of human existence, such as birth, growth, emotionality, aspiration, conflict, and mortality.

Monad (from Greek μονάς monas, "unit" in turn from μόνος monos, "alone"), refers in cosmogony (creation theories) to the first being, divinity, or the totality of all beings.

In philosophy, the adjective transcendental and the noun transcendence convey the basic ground concept from the word's literal meaning (from Latin), of climbing or going beyond, albeit with varying connotations in its different historical and cultural stages.

Lifeworld (German: Lebenswelt) may be conceived as a universe of what is self-evident or given, a world that subjects may experience together.

In ontology and the philosophy of mind, a non-physical entity is a spirit or being that exists outside of physical reality.

The concept of universalizability was set out by the 18th-century German philosopher Immanuel Kant as part of his work Groundwork of the Metaphysic of Morals.

The "Four causes" refers to an influential principle in Aristotelian thought whereby explanations of change or movement are classified into four fundamental types of answer to the question "why?".

The transcendentals (Latin: transcendentalia) are the properties of being.

Aletheia (Ancient Greek: ἀλήθεια) is truth or disclosure in philosophy.

Interconnectedness is part of the terminology of a worldview which sees a oneness in all things.

Inherence refers to Empedocles' idea that the qualities of matter come from the relative proportions of each of the four elements entering into a thing.

The phrase "the best of all possible worlds" (French: le meilleur des mondes possibles; German: Die beste aller möglichen Welten) was coined by the German polymath Gottfried Leibniz in his 1710 work Essais de Théodicée sur la bonté de Dieu, la liberté de l'homme et l'origine du mal (Essays on the Goodness of God, the Freedom of Man and the Origin of Evil).