Flashcards: Coagulopathies

Activated protein C resistance (APCR) is a hemostatic disorder characterized by a poor anticoagulant response to activated protein C (APC).

Factor V Leiden thrombophilia is a genetic disorder of blood clotting.

Antiphospholipid syndrome or antiphospholipid antibody syndrome (APS or APLS), or often also Hughes syndrome, is an autoimmune, hypercoagulable state caused by antiphospholipid antibodies.

Thrombocytopenic purpura are purpura associated with a reduction in circulating blood platelets which can result from a variety of causes, such as kaposi sarcoma.

Von Willebrand disease (vWD) (/ˌfʌnˈvɪlᵻbrɑːnt/) is the most common hereditary blood-clotting disorder in humans.

Prothrombin G20210A refers to a human gene mutation that increases the risk of blood clots.

Gray platelet syndrome (GPS), or platelet alpha-granule deficiency, is a rare congenital autosomal recessive bleeding disorder caused by a reduction or absence of alpha-granules in blood platelets, and the release of proteins normally contained in these granules into the marrow, causing myelofibrosis.

Cavernous sinus thrombosis (CST) is the formation of a blood clot within the cavernous sinus, a cavity at the base of the brain which drains deoxygenated blood from the brain back to the heart.

May–Hegglin anomaly (MHA), also known as Dohle leukocyte inclusions with giant platelets and macrothrombocytopenia with leukocyte inclusions, is a rare genetic disorder of the blood platelets that causes them to be abnormally large.

Upshaw–Schulman syndrome (USS) is the recessively inherited form of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP), a rare and complex blood coagulation disease.

Thrombotic microangiopathy, abbreviated TMA, is a pathology that results in thrombosis in capillaries and arterioles, due to an endothelial injury.

Protein S deficiency is a disorder associated with increased risk of venous thrombosis.

Quebec Platelet Disorder (QPD) is a rare, autosomal dominant bleeding disorder described in a family from the province of Quebec in Canada.

Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is a type of thrombocytopenic purpura defined as isolated low platelet count (thrombocytopenia) with normal bone marrow and the absence of other causes of thrombocytopenia.

Bernard–Soulier syndrome (BSS), also called hemorrhagiparous thrombocytic dystrophy, is a rare autosomal recessive coagulopathy (bleeding disorder) that causes a deficiency of glycoprotein Ib (GpIb), the receptor for von Willebrand factorThe incidence of BSS is estimated to be less than 1 case per million persons, based on cases reported from Europe, North America, and Japan.

In medicine (hematology), bleeding diathesis (h(a)emorrhagic diathesis) is an unusual susceptibility to bleed (hemorrhage) mostly due to hypocoagulability, in turn caused by a coagulopathy (a defect in the system of coagulation).

Evans syndrome is an autoimmune disease in which an individual's antibodies attack their own red blood cells and platelets.

Thrombocytopenia refer to a disorder in which there is a relative decrease of thrombocytes, commonly known as platelets, present in the blood.

Coagulopathy (also called a bleeding disorder) is a condition in which the blood’s ability to coagulate (form clots) is impaired.

Neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (NAITP or NAIT or NATP or NAT for short; or fetal and neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia, FNAIT, feto-maternal alloimmune thrombocytopenia, FMAITP or FMAIT) is a disease that affects fetuses and newborns, in which the platelet count is decreased (a state known as thrombocytopenia).

Congenital amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia (CAMT) is a rare inherited disorder.

Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), also known as disseminated intravascular coagulopathy or less commonly as consumptive coagulopathy, is a pathological process characterized by the widespread activation of the clotting cascade that results in the formation of blood clots in the small blood vessels throughout the body.

Glanzmann's thrombasthenia is an abnormality of the platelets.

Deep vein thrombosis, or deep venous thrombosis, (DVT) is the formation of a blood clot (thrombus) within a deep vein, most commonly the legs.

Thrombophilia (sometimes hypercoagulability or a prothrombotic state) is an abnormality of blood coagulation that increases the risk of thrombosis (blood clots in blood vessels).

Thrombocytosis (or thrombocythemia) is the presence of high platelet counts in the blood, and can be either primary (also termed essential and caused by a myeloproliferative disease) or reactive (also termed secondary).

Congenital afibrinogenemia is a rare, genetically inherited blood disorder in which the blood does not clot normally due to the lack of fibrinogen, a blood protein necessary for coagulation.

Hermansky–Pudlak syndrome (HPS) is an extremely rare autosomal recessive disorder which results in oculocutaneous albinism (decreased pigmentation), bleeding problems due to a platelet abnormality (platelet storage pool defect), and storage of an abnormal fat-protein compound (lysosomal accumulation of ceroid lipofuscin).

Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is the development of thrombocytopenia (a low platelet count), due to the administration of various forms of heparin, an anticoagulant.

Giant platelet disorders are rare disorders featuring abnormally large platelets, thrombocytopenia and a tendency to bleeding.

Factor XIII deficiency occurs exceedingly rarely, causing a severe bleeding tendency.

Purpura fulminans (also known as "Purpura gangrenosa") is an acute, often fatal, thrombotic disorder which manifests as blood spots, bruising and discolouration of the skin resulting from coagulation in small blood vessels within the skin and rapidly leads to skin necrosis and disseminated intravascular coagulation.

Amyloid purpura is a condition marked by bleeding under the skin (purpura) in some individuals with amyloidosis.

Kasabach–Merritt syndrome (KMS), also known as Hemangioma with thrombocytopenia is a rare disease, usually of infants, in which a vascular tumor leads to decreased platelet counts and sometimes other bleeding problems, which can be life-threatening.

Antithrombin III deficiency (abbreviated ATIII deficiency) is a deficiency of antithrombin III.

Hypoprothrombinemia is a blood disorder in which a deficiency of prothrombin (Factor II) results in impaired blood clotting, leading to an increased physiological risk for bleeding, especially in the gastrointestinal system, cranial vault, and superficial integumentary system.

Platelet storage pool deficiency is a type of coagulopathy characterized by defects in the granules in platelets, particularly a lack of granular non-metabolic ADP.

Essential thrombocytosis (ET; also known as essential thrombocythemia, essential thrombocythaemia, primary thrombocytosis) is a rare chronic blood disorder characterised by the overproduction of platelets by megakaryocytes in the bone marrow.

Protein C deficiency is a rare genetic trait that predisposes to thrombotic disease.