Flashcards: Christian philosophy

Predestination, in theology, is the doctrine that all events have been willed by God, usually with reference to the eventual fate of the individual soul.

Neo-orthodoxy, in Europe also known as theology of crisis and dialectical theology, is an approach to theology in Protestantism developed in the aftermath of the First World War (1914–18).

In philosophy of religion, the problem of evil refers to the question of how to reconcile the existence of evil with an omnibenevolent, omniscient and omnipotent God (see theism).

In a religious context, sin is the act of violating God's will by transgressing his commandments.

Incarnation literally means embodied in flesh or taking on flesh.

Hypostasis (Greek: ὑπόστασις) is the underlying state or underlying substance and is the fundamental reality that supports all else.

Molinism, named after 16th Century Spanish Jesuit theologian Luis de Molina, is a religious doctrine which attempts to reconcile the providence of God with human free will.

Summum bonum is a Latin expression meaning "the highest good", which was introduced by Cicero, to correspond to the Idea of the Good in ancient Greek philosophy.

The doctrine of the pre-existence (or preexistence) of Christ asserts the ontological or personal existence of Christ before his conception.

Biotheology is the synthetic application of understanding of biology to the understanding of God, synthesizing modern biology and traditional religious doctrines.

Quiverfull is a movement among some conservative fundamentalist Christian couples, chiefly in the United States, but with some adherents in Canada, Australia, New Zealand, United Kingdom and elsewhere.

Søren Kierkegaard's philosophy has been a major influence in the development of 20th-century philosophy, especially existentialism and postmodernism.

Christian materialism is the combination of Christian theology with the ideas of materialism, which places a high value on material things.

In theology, the doctrine of divine simplicity says that God is without parts.

Peace testimony, or testimony against war, is a shorthand description of the action generally taken by members of the Religious Society of Friends (Quakers) for peace and against participation in war.

In the context of Christian theology, Christian anthropology refers to the study of the human ("anthropology") as it relates to God.

Justification, in Christian theology, is God's act of removing the guilt and penalty of sin while at the same time declaring a sinner righteous through Christ's atoning sacrifice.

Postmodern Christianity refers to various forms of Christianity which have been influenced by postmodern philosophy.

Libertarian Christianity is a facet of Christian theology.

A trilemma is a difficult choice from three options, each of which is (or appears) unacceptable or unfavourable.

Fides et ratio (English: Faith and Reason) is an encyclical promulgated by Pope John Paul II on 14 September 1998.

A cult image or idol is a material object, representing a deity, to which religious worship is directed.