Flashcards: Chemical substances for emergency medicine

Trimedoxime bromide (INN), also known as dipyroxime or TMB-4, is an oxime used in the treatment of organophosphate poisoning.

Nitroglycerin (NG), also known as nitroglycerine, trinitroglycerin (TNG), trinitroglycerine, nitro, glyceryl trinitrate (GTN), or 1,2,3-trinitroxypropane, is a heavy, colorless, oily, explosive liquid most commonly produced by nitrating glycerol with white fuming nitric acid under conditions appropriate to the formation of the nitric acid ester.

Heparin is an injectable blood thinner (anticoagulant).

Lidocaine, also known as xylocaine and lignocaine, is a medication used to numb tissue in a specific area and to treat ventricular tachycardia.

Lorazepam, sold under the brand name Ativan among others, is a benzodiazepine medication.

Amiodarone is an antiarrhythmic medication used to treat and prevent a number of types of irregular heartbeats.

Morphine is a pain medication of the opiate type which is found naturally in a number of plants and animals.

Furosemide, sold under the brand name Lasix among others, is a medication used to treat fluid build-up due to heart failure, liver scarring, or kidney disease.

Dantrolene sodium is a postsynaptic muscle relaxant that lessens excitation-contraction coupling in muscle cells.

Flumazenil (also known as flumazepil, code name Ro 15-1788) is a selective benzodiazepine receptor antagonist primarily available by injection only.

Dexamethasone is a type of steroid medication.

Propofol, marketed as Diprivan among others, is a short-acting medication that results in a decreased level of consciousness and lack of memory for events.

Sodium bicarbonate (IUPAC name: sodium hydrogen carbonate) is a chemical compound with the formula NaHCO3.

Naloxone, sold under the brandname Narcan among others, is a medication used to block the effects of opioids, especially in overdose.

Levosalbutamol, also known as levalbuterol, is a short-acting β2 adrenergic receptor agonist used in the treatment of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Metoprolol, marketed under the tradename Lopressor among others, is a selective β1 receptor blocker medication.

Salbutamol, also known as albuterol and marketed as Ventolin among other names, is a medication that opens up the medium and large airways in the lungs.

Orciprenaline (INN), also known as metaproterenol (USAN), is a bronchodilator used in the treatment of asthma.

Obidoxime is a member of the oxime family used to treat nerve gas poisoning.

Etomidate (USAN, INN, BAN) (marketed as Amidate) is a short-acting intravenous anaesthetic agent used for the induction of general anaesthesia and sedation for short procedures such as reduction of dislocated joints, tracheal intubation, and cardioversion.

Urapidil is a sympatholytic antihypertensive drug.

Hyoscine butylbromide, also known as scopolamine butylbromide and sold under the brandname Buscopan, is a medication used to treat crampy abdominal pain, renal colic, and bladder spasms.

Haloperidol, marketed under the trade name Haldol among others, is a typical antipsychotic medication.

Midazolam, marketed under the trade names Versed among others, is a medication used for anesthesia, procedural sedation, trouble sleeping, and severe agitation.

Terbutaline (trade names "Bronclyn",Brethine, Bricanyl, Brethaire, or Terbulin) is a β2 adrenergic receptor agonist, used as a "reliever" inhaler in the management of asthma symptoms and as a tocolytic (anti-contraction medication) to delay preterm labor for up to 48 hours.