Which physiological response to environmental temperature changes is missing or undeveloped in an infant of less than
6 months of age?
shivering
Diabetes mellitus is a disorder of which body system?
endocrine
In what way can the surgical technologist who is setting up his or her back table and Mayo stand reduce an 18-month-
old patient’s anxiety prior to induction of anesthesia?
Perform normal duties of preparation of the sterile field, keeping as quiet as possible for induction.
What is the MOST common type of shock seen in infants and children?
septic
An emergency laparotomy would be the indicated treatment for all of the following postoperative bariatric surgery
complications EXCEPT:
thrombophlebitis
What is a common potential side effect of all forms of antibiotic therapy for major pediatric infections?
pseudomembranous enterocolitis
Overgrowth of which microorganism is most likely responsible for pediatric cases of enterocolitis following antibiotic
therapy?
Clostridium difficile
What is the number one cause of death in children ages 1 to 15 in the United States?
accidents
A patient undergoing bariatric surgery may require extra time for general anesthetic reversal because anesthetic agents
may be accumulated in and slowly eliminated from what type of tissue?
adipose fat
What is a coping mechanism often seen in children reacting to trauma?
regression
Which of the following is a common response of pediatric patients to injury and may result in gastric dilatation?
hyperventilation
Which organ is responsible for the failure to produce insulin in a patient with type I diabetes?
pancreas
Which classification of antibiotics is contraindicated for use in neonates due to increased incidence of kernicterus?
Sulfonamides
Which position enhances a bariatric patient’s total lung volume and aids in ventilation?
reverse Trendelenburg
Bariatric patients undergoing surgery and in the immediate postoperative period should have sequential compression
devices applied to the lower extremities to prevent:
deep vein thrombosis
What type of physiological measurement method is rarely done in a neonatal patient due to risk of anatomical trauma?
urethral catheterization for urinary output
What other condition frequently suffered by obese patients and discovered intraoperatively may be treated surgically
in conjunction with a bariatric procedure?
cholelithiasis
What is the name of the device used to test the blood of patients with diabetes for metabolic status?
glucometer
Which of the following is the major cause of serious trauma suffered by pediatric patients?
motor vehicle accidents
What is the usual cause of a clavicular fracture of a neonate during a vaginal delivery?
shoulder dystocia
What is the chemical and physiological classification of insulin?
hormone
During which part of pregnancy would an abdominal surgery be considered safest for both mother and fetus?
second trimester
Placement of a rolled sheet or pad to elevate a pregnant patient’s right hip, tilting the operating room table to the left
with slight Trendelenburg, or both will shift the weight of the gravid uterus and relieve pressure from the:
abdominal aorta and vena cava
Multiple sclerosis, lupus erythematosus, and rheumatoid arthritis are examples of:
autoimmune diseases
Which patient condition might be characterized by physical appearance of flat nasal bridge and short neck with some
impairment of cognitive ability and growth, slower speech, and an affectionate to clingy persona?
Down syndrome
For which condition would a patient coming to the operating room likely need an interpreter?
complete deafness
For which type of transmission-based disease would health care workers need to be fitted for an N-95 respirator mask?
airborne
All of the following national agencies have regulations or protocols for health care workers who may be exposed to
infectious diseases in their work environment EXCEPT:
NFPA
For which special patient population group would the help of a counselor or social worker who could communicate
the current state of mind or mood of the patient to the OR staff be of benefit to all parties involved?
substance abuse
What is the term for the mechanism of injury in a trauma patient that takes into account velocity of the injuring force,
flexibility of the tissue, and shape of the injuring force?
kinematics
Which level of trauma center designation can meet all the needs required for treating patients on a 24-hour basis?
Level I
Which of the following activities would present no risk of contracting HIV from an infected individual?
conversation in close proximity
Kaposi’s sarcoma is sometimes seen in combination with which of the following diseases?
AIDS
Because of the types of drugs used to prevent rejection of a transplanted organ, the recipient patient is considered to
have which of the following?
immunosuppressed status
Which organ is MOST often injured in motor vehicle accidents?
spleen
The term golden hour refers to reduction of morbidity and mortality of which type of patient population?
trauma victims
Physical forces of deceleration, acceleration, compression, and shearing are factors in which type of injuries?
blunt
High- or low-velocity projectiles are factors in which type of injuries?
penetrating
During a surgical procedure on a pregnant patient, the surgical technologist in the scrub role may be asked to palpate
what area to detect possible contractions?
gravid uterus
A patient with acquired immunodeficiency virus may have complications of multiple infections from diseases
considered to be:
opportunistic
In which pediatric age group would all of the craniofacial sinuses be fully developed?
adolescent
Which anesthetic method helps reduce the anxiety and stress experienced by pediatric surgical patients?
rapid induction
Morbid obesity refers to patients whose body weight is greater than how many pounds over their ideal weight?
100
Which body system is highly susceptible to injury during positioning of bariatric and geriatric patients?
integumentary
Vomiting from preoperative narcotics can predispose patients with diabetes to fluid and electrolyte imbalances
resulting in:
hypoglycemia
Which of the following is NOT a potential risk from administration of general anesthesia to a pregnant patient?
placenta previa
Which diagnosis could create a social stigma and possible overdramatization of exposure risk by health care workers?
human immunodeficiency virus
Which special patient populations would likely require diagnostic biopsies for verification of cryptosporidiosis,
candidiasis, or cytomegalovirus infections?
HIV/AIDS
Conditions such as severe arthritis, contractures, and tremors are categorized under which type of challenge?
physical
Which broad category of routes of transmission of microorganisms includes food, water, and medical devices and
equipment?
common vehicle
Approximately 80% of which special patient population presents to surgery with one or more comorbid conditions?
geriatric
Which special patient population group has a 30% to 80% statistical likelihood of coexisting psychiatric illness in
addition to the diagnosis for which they are coming to surgery?
substance abuse
To preserve evidence in a criminal case, what might be done to the patient’s hands if the patient does not require
surgery?
Bags are placed around the hands and taped in place.
In a surgical procedure on a severely injured trauma patient, which of the following measures is of utmost importance?
keeping the patient’s spine in alignment during changes in position
A surgical technologist working in a Veteran’s Administration (VA) facility might frequently encounter patients with
which of the following conditions?
PTSD
Pediatric patients require an enhanced team focus on the physiological needs in a more dramatic way than any other
age group.
True
In many cases, for all age populations, pulse oximetry has replaced arterial blood gases (ABGs) as the routine method
of monitoring blood oxygenation, due to its low cost, ease, and decreased potential for infection.
True
Wound healing in bariatric surgery patients is enhanced due to the increased vascularity of adipose tissue.
False
Surgical site infections (SSIs) are the most common postoperative complication in patients with diabetes due to the
increased perfusion of affected tissues.
False
Patients with developmental delays may suffer cognitive disabilities, but may also exhibit normal intelligence.
True
Classification of patients ranging from 13 to 18 years of age
Adolescent
Method of continuous ECG monitoring via placement of catheter in the subclavian or internal jugular vessels; may
require a cut-down
CVP line
Type of shock resulting from gram-negative bacteria leading to UTI, peritonitis, or URI
Septic
Neck contracture due to injury of the sternocleidomastoid muscle
Torticollis
Enlargement of the heart muscle in morbidly obese patient, which may lead to congestive heart failure
Myocardial hypertrophy
Progressive blindness due to compromised vascularity of the eye
Diabetic retinopathy
Type of shock in which blood pressure is decreased and pulse rate is increased; patient may show signs of cool and clammy skin
Hypovolemic
Enlargement of the spleen, which may result in debilitating fevers
Splenomegaly
Component of the Revised Trauma Score that assesses a patient’s level of responsiveness to pain or other stimuli
Glasgow Coma Scale
Diagnosis of long-standing emotional, psychological, and social problems; experienced by war veterans and crime
victims; may experience anxiety and flashbacks as a result of their experiences