HBV, HCV, and alcohol abuse are precursors to which of the following diseases?
cirrhosis
During cholangiography, bubbles in the contrast media would likely:
give the appearance of a stone on x-ray
A Whipple procedure is done for treatment of a tumor in which abdominal organ?
pancreas
Another name for a thyroid tenaculum is a:
Lahey
Which potentially life-threatening disease or condition can result from untreated thyrotoxicosis?
thyroid storm
Tetany is a serious potential post-op complication of which type of surgical intervention?
thyroidectomy/parathyroidectomy
What term describes a benign condition of breast enlargement in men?
gynecomastia
Which stage of breast cancer is characterized by evidence of distal metastasis?
Stage IV
Which anatomical structure is the largest mass of lymphatic tissue in the body?
spleen
Which of the following is NOT a region of the pancreas?
capsule
The triangle of Calot is an anatomical space bounded by structures in which surgical procedure?
cholecystectomy
What is achieved by insufflation of carbon dioxide into the abdominal cavity?
pneumoperitoneum
Where is the gallbladder located in relation to the liver?
inferior surface of the right lobe
What is the name of the fibrous and serous capsule that covers the liver?
Glisson’s
For which surgical procedure would the Buie pile forceps be used?
hemorrhoidectomy
A typical end-to-end bowel anastomosis is accomplished with which of the following suturing techniques?
two-layer, interrupted technique for seromuscular approximation with silk; continuous for mucosa with
absorbable suture
In which of the following abdominal incisions would the linea alba be opened down to the peritoneum?
median vertical
Which incision is traditionally used for open appendectomy?
McBurney
A Maloney bougie dilator is used in which anatomical structure?
esophagus
Doyen, Kocher, Dennis, and Allen are names of which type of instrument?
intestinal clamps
What does TEP stand for in general surgery?
totally extraperitoneal patch
What term is used for surgical opening of the abdominal or peritoneal cavity?
laparotomy
Which type of hernia occurs below the abdominocrural crease and more frequently in females?
femoral
What is another way of saying “cephalad to caudad”?
head to tail
Which fascial sheet is attached to the iliac crest, linea alba, and pubis?
Scarpa’s
What is another name for an acquired ventral hernia through the linea semilunaris?
Spigelian
A gastrostomy can be created by all of the following methods EXCEPT:
endovascular
Which suturing technique is often used on the appendiceal stump?
pursestring
Great care is taken to identify and preserve the long thoracic and thoracodorsal nerves in which surgical procedure?
modified radical mastectomy
Where are the parathyroid glands located in relation to the thyroid?
dorsal, superior and inferior
What do the parathyroid glands regulate in the body?
blood calcium concentration
The skin incision for a thyroidectomy will follow which anatomical lines?
Langer’s
Which handheld retractors are frequently used to retract tissues during thyroidectomy?
Green
What type of hernia protrudes through the transversalis fascia in the area of Hesselbach’s triangle?
direct
What type of hernia results from a failure of the deep internal ring to close during fetal development and allows
intestinal protrusion into the scrotum?
indirect
What is the name for the type of hernia in which both direct and indirect defects are present?
pantaloon
What is the name of a gastric mass of indigestible vegetable fiber and hair that may require surgical excision?
bezoar
For which type of hernia repair could a Penrose drain be used as a method of gentle traction of the spermatic cord?
McVay inguinal herniorrhaphy
A vagotomy is a surgical treatment option for:
gastric ulcers
Which type of intestinal obstruction involves a telescoping of a portion of the intestine into another portion?
intussusception
Which type of surgical procedure is used to release abnormal tissue connections in the abdominal viscera and layers?
lysis of adhesions
End-to-end, end-to-side, side-to-side, and Roux-en-Y are techniques for:
bowel anastomosis
In a laparoscopic appendectomy, all of the following methods could be used for dissection of the appendix EXCEPT:
intraluminal circular stapler
Which statement is CORRECT regarding polyps and diverticula in the colon?
Polyps protrude inward, and diverticula protrude outward from the intestine.
The hepatic and splenic flexures are located proximally and distally in which part of the large intestine?
transverse
“Bowel technique” refers to steps used by the surgical team to prevent postoperative:
surgical site infection
An intestinal stoma is created at a point below the costal margin, above the belt line, and at the lateral edge of which
muscle?
rectus abdominus
Which of the following is the MOST common permanent colostomy?
sigmoid
Which surgical position is used exclusively for anorectal surgical procedures?
Kraske
Which type of viewing instrument would be used for surgical treatment of hemorrhoids?
anoscope
Due to the vascular and friable nature of the liver, a surgeon may choose to use suture on which type of needle?
blunt
What is the incision routinely used for open cholecystectomy?
right subcostal
Which handheld retractor is specifically designed for use in open cholecystectomy to elevate the liver?
Harrington
What is the reason for injecting saline through the cholangiogram catheter prior to the contrast media?
The saline will test patency of the cystic duct prior to injecting the contrast.
A T-tube or wound drain left in place following laparoscopic cholecystectomy would MOST likely exit through:
one of the 5 mm right port site incisions
Which of the following are endocrine-secreting glands of the pancreas that make up only 1% of the organ?
islets of Langerhans
Pancreaticoduodenectomy is also known as which of the following procedures?
Whipple
A needle-localization procedure may be performed in radiology for assistance in locating discrete masses in the:
breast
What type of incision is made for excisional biopsy of a centrally located breast mass involving the lactiferous ducts?
circumareolar
What is the name for the first lymph node in the axillary chain that is frequently biopsied in conjunction with a breast
biopsy, lumpectomy, or mastectomy?
sentinel
The surgeon may request which of the following for irrigation to aid in destroying any residual tumor cells after
dissection?
sterile water
Surgical removal of the entire breast without any lymph nodes is a(n):
simple mastectomy
If a mastectomy is scheduled to follow a breast biopsy and frozen section results indicate carcinoma, what is done?
Re-prep, redrape patient; team changes gowns and gloves; and use new instruments.
Bifurcated drains and fluffy pressure dressings are used following mastectomy primarily to:
prevent formation of hematoma and seroma
Dilation of the submucosal and subcutaneous venous plexus that lines the anal canal is called:
hemorrhoid
The Hasson technique for establishing pneumoperitoneum requires the use of a Verres needle.
False
The upper-hand and Thompson retractors are complex self-retaining retractors frequently used in major abdominal
procedures.
True
Conversion from a laparoscopic procedure to an open procedure is always a possibility that the surgical technologist
should be prepared for.
True
A surgical technologist may “run” or operate the laparoscopic camera during minimally invasive procedures to free up
the hands of the surgeon and surgical first assistant.
True
Surgical skin preps for breast procedures for carcinoma should be performed vigorously and thoroughly to prevent
postoperative surgical site infections in immunocompromised patients.
False
Difficulty swallowing or feeling of food sticking in the esophagus
Dysphagia
Discomfort or tenderness that occurs with sudden release of pressure; a clinical sign of appendicitis
Rebound pain
Type of hernia in which tissues are caught within a fascial defect; may become strangulated if not reduced
Strangulated
Broad sheet of fibrous tissue or expanded tendon that holds muscles together or connects muscle to bone
Aponeurosis
Being on or affecting the same side of the body
Ipsilateral
Antrectomy: removal of distal stomach and pylorus with anastomosis to duodenum; preferred approach for treatment
of ulcer or neoplasm
Billroth I
Double-layer membrane of peritoneum attached to back wall of abdominal cavity that supports the small intestine
Mesentery
Inflammatory bowel disease that causes erosions in the lining of the large intestine
Ulcerative colitis
Yellowing of the skin and eyes due to buildup of bilirubin; visible sign of certain cancers and diseases of the organs of
the biliary system
Jaundice
Noninvasive electro-generated shock waves used to break up calculi in the urinary or biliary system