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Flashcards: CHAPTER 1 - 2
Splendor
things that are very beautiful or impressive.
Memoir
a written account of someone or something, often based on personal knowledge.
Valiant
showing courage; very brave.
Confidant
a trusted friend to whom one can talk about personal matters.
Sagacious
having the ability to understand complex ideas and situations and make good decisions.
Affluence
wealth or an abundance of property.
Dr. Jose P. Rizal
a multi-talented genius and the national hero of the Philippines, celebrated for his dedication to his people’s freedom.
Birth of Jose Rizal
Born on June 19, 1861, in Calamba, Laguna, Philippines, under a full moon on a Wednesday night.
Father Rufino Collantes
the priest who baptized Jose Rizal.
Father Pedro Casanas
Jose’s godfather.
Rizal's Parents
Francisco Mercado Rizal and Teodora Alonso Realonda.
1. Saturnina (1850
1913) – Eldest sibling, nicknamed "Neneng."
2. Paciano (1851
1930) – Older brother and confidant of Jose; became a revolutionary general after Jose’s death.
3. Narcisa (1852
1939) – Pet name "Sisa," married Antonio Lopez.
4. Olimpia (1855
1887) – Pet name "Ypia," married Silvestre Ubaldo.
5. Lucia (1857
1919) – Married Mariano Herbosa, who was denied Christian burial.
6. Maria (1859
1945) – Nicknamed "Biang," married Daniel Faustino Cruz.
7. Jose (1861
1896) – The national hero of the Philippines, nicknamed "Pepe."
8. Concepcion (1862
1865) – Known as "Concha"; her death was Rizal’s first sorrow.
9. Josefa (1865
1945) – Pet name "Panggoy," remained unmarried.
10. Trinidad (1868
1951) – Pet name "Trining," also remained unmarried.
11. Soledad (1870
1929) – Youngest, nicknamed "Choleng," married Pantaleon Quintero.
Racial Ancestry of Rizal
Rizal’s family descended from a mixture of Negrito, Indonesian, Malay, Chinese, Japanese, and Spanish roots.
Mercado
Original surname of Rizal's family, later changed to "Rizal" due to advice from a Spanish provincial governor.
Rizal Family Life
They lived in affluence and built a large stone house near Calamba's town church.
Principalia
The Rizal family was part of this town aristocracy, known for influence and wealth.
Family Discipline
Rizal’s parents believed in disciplining their children to instill strong values.
Calamba
Rizal's hometown, an hacienda town under the Dominican Order known for its picturesque landscapes.
Ateneo de Manila
Rizal studied here and later wrote "Un Recuerdo A Mi Pueblo" ("In Memory of My Town") as a tribute to his hometown.
Earliest Memories
Included playing in the family garden and the daily Angelus prayer gatherings with family.
Concha’s Death
Rizal’s first sorrow was losing his sister Concepcion, or "Concha," to illness at age 3.
Religious Devotion
Rizal grew up in a deeply Catholic household and participated in family prayers and church activities.
Father Leoncio Lopez
The scholarly parish priest in Calamba whom Rizal admired and respected.
Pilgrimage to Antipolo
Rizal’s first long journey at age 7 with his father, fulfilling his mother’s vow made during his birth.
Story of the Moth
A story Rizal’s mother told, which left a lasting impact about the dangers of pursuing dreams without caution.
Artistic Talents
Rizal displayed an early aptitude for art, often sketching and creating clay models.
First Poem
"Sa Aking Mga Kababata" ("To My Fellow Children"), written at an early age, expressed his love for the Filipino language and country.