Flashcards: Capitalism

Capital: Critique of Political Economy (German: Das Kapital, Kritik der politischen Ökonomie, pronounced [das kapiˈtaːl]; 1867–1883) by Karl Marx is a foundational theoretical text in communist philosophy, economics and politics.

The theory of state monopoly capitalism was initially a Marxist doctrine popularised after World War II.

Deregulation is the process of removing or reducing state regulations, typically in the economic sphere.

In sociology, industrial society refers to a society driven by the use of technology to enable mass production, supporting a large population with a high capacity for division of labour.

The Theory of Moral Sentiments is a 1759 book by Adam Smith.

Dirigisme or dirigism (from French diriger, meaning "to direct") is an economic system where the state exerts a strong directive influence over investment.

In economics and sociology, the means of production are physical, non-human inputs used for the production of economic value, such as facilities, machinery, tools, infrastructural capital and natural capital.

Plutocracy (from Greek πλοῦτος, ploutos, meaning "wealth", and κράτος, kratos, meaning "power, dominion, rule") or plutarchy, is a form of oligarchy and defines a society ruled or controlled by the small minority of the wealthiest citizens.

The End of History and the Last Man is a 1992 book by Francis Fukuyama, expanding on his 1989 essay "The End of History?", published in the international affairs journal The National Interest.

The Open Society and Its Enemies is a work on political philosophy by Karl Popper, in which Popper offers a critique of theories of teleological historicism, according to which history unfolds inexorably according to universal laws.

Capital in the Twenty-First Century is a 2013 book by French economist Thomas Piketty.

Monetarism is a school of thought in monetary economics that emphasizes the role of governments in controlling the amount of money in circulation.

Globalization or globalisation (see spelling differences) is the process of international integration arising from the interchange of world views, products, ideas, and other aspects of culture.

Wage labour (also wage labor in American English) is the socioeconomic relationship between a worker and an employer, where the worker sells their labour under a formal or informal employment contract.

Anti-capitalism encompasses a wide variety of movements, ideas and attitudes that oppose capitalism.

The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism (German: Die protestantische Ethik und der Geist des Kapitalismus) is a book written by Max Weber, a German sociologist, economist, and politician.

The Anti-Capitalistic Mentality is a book written by Austrian School economist and libertarian thinker Ludwig von Mises.

A free market is a system in which the prices for goods and services are determined by the open market and consumers, in which the laws and forces of supply and demand are free from any intervention by a government, price-setting monopoly, or other authority.

The Social Market Economy (SOME) (German: Soziale Marktwirtschaft) is a social and economic system combining free market capitalism which supports private enterprise, alongside social policies which establish both fair competition within the market and a welfare state.

Objectivism is a philosophical system developed by Russian American writer Ayn Rand (1905–1982).

Religious views on capitalism have been philosophically diverse, with numerous religious philosophers defending the natural right to property, while simultaneously expressing criticism at the negative social effects of materialism and greed.

The Nordic model (also called Nordic capitalism or Nordic social democracy) refers to the economic and social policies common to the Nordic countries (Denmark, Finland, Norway, Iceland and Sweden).

Throughout modern history, a variety of influential perspectives on capitalism have shaped modern economic thought.

The Coalition for Change was a presidential and parliamentary electoral coalition that groups the supporters of President Sebastián Piñera for the 2009-2010 Chilean election.

A market economy is an economy in which decisions regarding investment, production, and distribution are based on market determined supply and demand, and prices of goods and services are determined in a free price system.

The Moral Case for Fossil Fuels is a 2014 book by American energy theorist Alex Epstein, in which Epstein argues that, although sometimes labeled as "immoral," the use of fossil fuels dramatically improves the overall progress of humanity, and improves life expectancy and income.

The Technocracy Study Course is a technocratic critique of the price system, written by M.

Pink capitalism (also called rainbow capitalism and sometimes gay capitalism) is a term used to describe, from a critical perspective, the incorporation of the discourses of the LGBTIQ movement and sexual diversity to capitalism and the market economy, especially including the gay, cisgender, western, white, and upper middle class man standard.

Anarchism is generally defined as the political philosophy which holds the state to be undesirable, unnecessary, and harmful, or alternatively as opposing authority and hierarchical organization in the conduct of human relations.

Economic historians use the term merchant capitalism to refer to the earliest phase in the development of capitalism as an economic and social system.

The Spirit of Democratic Capitalism is a book written by philosopher Michael Novak and published by Simon & Schuster in 1982.

In economics, a price system is a component of any economic system that uses prices expressed in any form of money for the valuation and distribution of goods and services and the factors of production, and the price system will only function in the setting of Economic liberalism of the political economy of liberal democracy.

Capital accumulation (also termed the accumulation of capital) is the dynamic that motivates the pursuit of profit, involving the investment of money or any financial asset with the goal of increasing the initial monetary value of said asset as a financial return whether in the form of profit, rent, interest, royalties or capital gains.

Commercialism is the application of both manufacturing and consumption towards personal usage, or the practices, methods, aims, and spirit of free enterprise geared toward generating profit.

Corporate capitalism is a term used in social science and economics to describe a capitalist marketplace characterized by the dominance of hierarchical, bureaucratic corporations.

Shimshon Bichler is an educator who teaches political economy at colleges and universities in Israel.