Flashcards: Agriculture

Agricultural science is a broad multidisciplinary field of biology that encompasses the parts of exact, natural, economic and social sciences that are used in the practice and understanding of agriculture.

Slash-and-burn agriculture, or fire–fallow cultivation, is a farming method that involves the cutting and burning of plants in a forest or woodland to create a field called a swidden.

A farmer (also called an agriculturer) is a person engaged in agriculture, raising living organisms for food or raw materials.

A windbreak or shelterbelt is a plantation usually made up of one or more rows of trees or shrubs planted in such a manner as to provide shelter from the wind and to protect soil from erosion.

Fiber crops are field crops grown for their fibres, which are traditionally used to make paper, cloth, or rope.

Intensive farming or intensive agriculture also known as industrial agriculture is characterized by a low fallow ratio and higher use of inputs such as capital and labour per unit land area.

Agricultural engineering in forestry

Rural flight (or rural exodus) is the migratory pattern of peoples from rural areas into urban areas.

A tensiometer in soil science is a measuring instrument used to determine the matric water potential () (soil moisture tension) in the vadose zone.

Mariculture is a specialized branch of aquaculture involving the cultivation of marine organisms for food and other products in the open ocean, an enclosed section of the ocean, or in tanks, ponds or raceways which are filled with seawater.

Straw is an agricultural by-product, the dry stalks of cereal plants, after the grain and chaff have been removed.

The Svalbard Global Seed Vault (Norwegian: Svalbard globale frøhvelv) is a secure seed bank on the Norwegian island of Spitsbergen near Longyearbyen in the remote Arctic Svalbard archipelago, about 1,300 kilometres (810 mi) from the North Pole.

Animal husbandry is the management and care of farm animals by humans, in which genetic qualities and behavior, considered to be advantageous to humans, are further developed.

Dryland farming and dry farming are agricultural techniques for non-irrigated cultivation of crops.

Olericulture is the science of vegetable growing, dealing with the culture of non-woody (herbaceous) plants for food.

Agricultural chemistry is the study of both chemistry and biochemistry which are important in agricultural production, the processing of raw products into foods and beverages, and in environmental monitoring and remediation.

Collective farming and communal farming are various types of agricultural production in which multiple farmers run their holdings as a joint enterprise.

Transhumance is the seasonal movement of people with their livestock between fixed summer and winter pastures.

A ranch is an area of landscape, including various structures, given primarily to the practice of ranching, the practice of raising grazing livestock such as cattle or sheep for meat or wool.

The vertical archipelago is a term coined by sociologist and anthropologist John Victor Murra under the influence of economist Karl Polanyi to describe the native Andean agricultural economic model of accessing and distributing resources.

Sustenance can refer to any means of subsistence or livelihood.

The corn cyst nematode (CCN) Heterodera zeae is a plant parasitic nematode that feeds on corn Zea mays.

The Linpan in Chengdu Plain is a special settlement in Chengdu Plain, Sichuan, China, which consists of farm house with woods around, irrigation system, farm land and is elementary unit of the village within the scattered locations.

An agrarian system is the dynamic set of economic and technological factors that affect agricultural practices.

A seedbed or seedling bed is the local soil environment in which seeds are planted.

The term meat industry describes modern industrialized livestock agriculture for production, packing, preservation and marketing of meat (in contrast to dairy products, wool, etc.).

The Seed Savers' Network (SSN) is an Australian not-for-profit organisation, based in Byron Bay, New South Wales.

The FAO Country Profiles is a multilingual web portal which repackages the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) vast archive of information on its global activities in agriculture and food security in a single area and catalogues it exclusively by country and thematic areas.

The Other Greeks: The Family Farm and the Agrarian Roots of Western Civilization is a 1995 book by Victor Davis Hanson.

Conservis Corporation is a Minneapolis-based company that provides enterprise resource planning software to farmers.

Biomin is an animal health and nutrition company headquartered in Inzersdorf-Getzersdorf, Austria that develops and produces feed additives and premixes for livestock animals including swine, poultry, dairy and beef cattle as well as aquaculture.

Agricultural Information Management Standards, abbreviated to AIMS is a space for accessing and discussing agricultural information management standards, tools and methodologies connecting information workers worldwide to build a global community of practice.

Although erroneously assumed to compete with neighboring plants for food and moisture, some "weeds" provide the soil with nutrients, either directly or indirectly.

In agriculture, postharvest handling is the stage of crop production immediately following harvest, including cooling, cleaning, sorting and packing.