Adult Health Chapter 40 Hygiene Test and Flashcards

Hygiene

describes activities involved in maintating personal cleanliness and grooming which helps physical and psychological well being. This includes bathing, washing hair, and brushing teeth and flossing.

Factors influencing Hygiene

social practices, personal preferences, body image, socioeconomic status, health benefits and motivation, cultural variables

Hygiene assessment

diseases affecting hygiene, physical limitations, health promotion practices, emotional needs, pain, sensory deficit, cognitive impairment, and emotional or mental disturbances. self care ability cultural practices assesment of skin Previous medical history, dental care, pregnancy, nutrition, medications, treatments, dry mouth includes: feet, hands, and nails oral cavity hair eyes, ears, and nose Use of sensory aids

The skin

functions protection, secretion, excretion, temperature regulation, vitamin d formation, and sensation

Factors affecting skin

health status dampness dehydration nutritional status insufficient circulation skin disease jaundice lifestyle and personal choices developmental stage

Feet hands and nails

prone to infection, odor and injury Look at patients and if they lack the dexterity and have an inability to bare weight than this affects self care disease and inadequate nutrition can cause change of shape, thickness, and nail curvature

oral cavity

lips, cheeks, tongue, hard and soft palate oral mucosa should be pink moist and smooth without lesions look for loose/decaying teeth/ rich blood supply

Hallitosis

Really bad breath

GERD

gastro esophageal reflux disease too much acid in the stomach

Salivary glands

respond to sympathetic stimulation cleanse the mouth dissolve food chemicals to promote taste, moisten food to facilitate bolus formation, contain enzymes

Xerostomia

dry mouth

Gingivitis

Inflammation of the gums caused by poor hygiene and bacteria

Hair

good growth distribution and pattern are indicators of health status. hormone and nutrient deficiencies of hair follicle change condition of hair horomones, stress, aging, infections, and illnesses affect it

Alopecia

balding common in people with anorexia

Eyes

secrete tears which contain substances to cleanse and lubricate eye and protect from bacteria shoud be able to shut completely to prevent corneal abrasion

Ears

contain cerumen which traps foreign bodies and repels insects. Cerumen can build up and become impacted if not cleaned properly

Nose

Normal pink and moist with little drainage inspect for signs of inflammation, discharge, lesions, edema, and deformity check for secretions, ulcerations, tenderness, bleeding, and medical tubes

Nursing Diagnosis

Common diagnoses associated with hygiene Activity Intolerance Impaired Dressing and Grooming Impaired Mobility Impaired Health Maintenance Impaired Skin Integrity Ineffective health maintenance Risk for infection

Hygiene implementation

Bathing environment should optimize comfort and safety through a suitable temperature, siderails and bed in proper position, bed wheels locked, call light in reach, uncluttered walking space, not making any faces at the prescens of bad odors.

Bathing and skin care

this includes complete bed baths paying attention to proper perineal care, back rubs and proper foot and nail care. Partial bed baths, sponge baths, tub baths, showers, bag baths.

Oral hygiene

This includes brushing, flossing, denture care, and minding patients with any special needs such as unconscious, dementia, and the critically ill.

Hair and scalp care

this include brushing, combing, braiding, shampooing, shaving, and mustache and beard care. SHaving should be done using short firm strokes in direction of hair growth

Eye, ear, and nose care

Medical devices such as hearing aids should be properly cared for alongside, basic eye care such as cleaning, cleaning glasses and contacts properly, clean ears with a towel and not q-tips, and nose care.

Patient's room

should be clutter free and comfortable. Beds should be made preferably when the patient isn't in them.

Safety guidelines

use two patient identifies, move from cleanest to less clean areas, use clean gloves for contact with non-intact skin, mucous membranes, secretions, excretions, or blood. test temperature of water or solutions, keep everything at waist level, don't lean forward and bend over, wide stance.

Dental Caries

Tooth Decay

epidermis

shields underlying tissue

dermis

contains bundles of collagen, nerve fibers, blood vessels, sweat glands, sebaceous glands, and hair follicles

subcutaneous layer

contains blood vessels, nerves, lymph, and loose connective tissue filled with fat cells

Common skin problems that affect how hygiene is administered

Dry Skin Acne Skin Rashes Contact Dermatitis Abrasion

Acne

active inflammation of sebaceous glands leads to formation of pimples

emollients

moisturizer that softens the skin and prevents moisture loss

Flashcards: Adult Health Chapter 40 Hygiene