Flashcards: Abstract algebra

In mathematics, a direct limit (also called inductive limit) is a colimit of a "directed family of objects".

An algebraic number is any complex number that is a root of a non-zero polynomial in one variable with rational coefficients (or equivalently – by clearing denominators – with integer coefficients).

In abstract algebra and formal logic, the distributive property of binary operations generalizes the distributive law from elementary algebra.

In linear algebra, an eigenvector or characteristic vector of a linear transformation is a non-zero vector that does not change its direction when that linear transformation is applied to it.

In mathematics, a Lie algebra (/liː/, not /laɪ/) is a vector space together with a non-associative multiplication called "Lie bracket" .

In abstract algebra, a branch of mathematics, a monoid is an algebraic structure with a single associative binary operation and an identity element.

In mathematics, a ring is one of the fundamental algebraic structures used in abstract algebra.

In abstract algebra, a homomorphism is a structure-preserving map between two algebraic structures (such as groups, rings, or vector spaces).

In mathematics, an isomorphism (from the Ancient Greek: ἴσος isos "equal", and μορφή morphe "form" or "shape") is a homomorphism or morphism (i.e. a mathematical mapping) that admits an inverse.

In abstract algebra, a magma (or groupoid; not to be confused with groupoids in category theory) is a basic kind of algebraic structure.

Idempotence (/ˌaɪdᵻmˈpoʊtəns/ EYE-dəm-POH-təns) is the property of certain operations in mathematics and computer science, that can be applied multiple times without changing the result beyond the initial application.

In mathematics, a linear map (also called a linear mapping, linear transformation or, in some contexts, linear function) is a mapping V → W between two modules (including vector spaces) that preserves (in the sense defined below) the operations of addition and scalar multiplication.

In linear algebra, the transpose of a matrix A is another matrix AT (also written A′, Atr, tA or At) created by any one of the following equivalent actions: * reflect A over its main diagonal (which runs from top-left to bottom-right) to obtain AT * write the rows of A as the columns of AT * write the columns of A as the rows of AT Formally, the i th row, j th column element of AT is the j th row, i th column element of A: If A is an m × n matrix then AT is an n × m matrix.

In abstract algebra, alternativity is a property of a binary operation.

In mathematics, one can often define a direct product of objects already known, giving a new one.

In mathematics, scalar multiplication is one of the basic operations defining a vector space in linear algebra (or more generally, a module in abstract algebra).

In linear algebra, the column space C(A) of a matrix A (sometimes called the range of a matrix) is the span (set of all possible linear combinations) of its column vectors.

In mathematics, the polarization identity is any one of a family of formulas that express the inner product of two vectors in terms of the norm of a normed vector space.

In algebra the Dixmier conjecture, asked by Jacques Dixmier in 1968, is the conjecture that any endomorphism of a Weyl algebra is an automorphism.