– From the mid-1800’s through the first decades of the
1900’s, powerful industrialized nations sought to gain
power and economic might by building empires which
result in increased competition and conflict.
– Imperialism
– What are the three primary factors of
production?
Industrial Revolution
•
Factors of
Production
– Land
•
Natural Resources
– Labor
•
workers
– Capital
•
Money
Improvements
in
Transportation
Movement
Towards a
Global
Economy
Expansion
of world
markets
Competition
between
industrial
nations
Made global trade
easier & quicker
Increase in
global trade
For wealth from
markets around
the world
Imperialism
For resources
needed for
industrialization
Imperialism
• The domination by
one country of
the political,
economic, or
cultural life of
another country
– Establishing
control over
foreign lands and
foreign people
Imperialism
The Old Imperialism
• Began with the age of
Exploration
– 1500-1800
• European nations gained
colonies in
–
–
–
–
N. and S. America
India
Southeast Asia
Territory on the coast of
Africa & China
• Control was limited
The New Imperialism
• 1870-1914
• Industrialized nations
focused on gaining control of
new lands
– Industrialized nations in
Europe
– United States
– Japan
• Primarily in Africa and Asia
Economic
Motives
Military and
Political
Causes of
the New
Imperialism
Nationalism
Social
Darwinism
“The White
Man’s Burden”
Causes of the New Imperialism
• Economic Factors
– Competition between
industrialized nations
for:
• Natural Resources and
raw materials to
supply factories
• New markets to sell
finished goods and a
place to invest profits
• Cheap sources of
labor
Causes of the New Imperialism
• Military and
Political
– Military power
could be used to
accomplish a
nations goals
– Colonies could be
used for bases to
refuel ships
– Colonies increased
power of a nation
Causes of the New Imperialism
• Nationalism
– Promoted the idea
of national
superiority
– Industrialized
nations felt
justified in taking
over weaker nations
Causes of the New Imperialism
• Social Darwinism
– Applied Darwin’s theory
of survival of the fittest
to competition between
nations
– Social Darwinists
believed it was natural
for stronger nations to
dominate weaker ones
Causes of the New Imperialism
• “The White Man’s
Burden”
– Poem by Rudyard
Kipling
– idea that white
imperialists had a
moral duty to educate
people in less
developed nations
– Led to spread of
western ideas,
religions, and customs
to Africa and Asia
Points of Discussion
• Identify three reasons why European
countries want to spread their influence
over Asia and Africa
– The strong central governments and thriving economies
of industrialized nations gave them the confidence to
expand through imperialism.
– Identify three motiving factors for European
countries that led them to try and spread
their influence over Asia and Africa.
– The imperial powers used economic and technological
means to take control of other parts of the world and
bring them into the world economy as suppliers of
foodstuffs and raw materials and as consumers of
industrial products
– Define Imperialism.
White
Man’s
Burden
Need for
raw
materials
Economic
Cheap
Labor
Social
Darwinism
Social
Motives for
New
Imperialism
New
Markets
Nationalism
Bases to
protect
investments
Military
Increased
nations
power
Forms of
Imperialism
Colonies
A country or a
territory governed
internally by a
foreign power
Protectorate
A country or a territory
with its own internal
gov’t but under the
control of an outside
power
Sphere of
Influence
An area in which an
outside power claims
exclusive trading
privileges
Imperial Management Methods
Indirect Control
• Local government
officials used
• Limited self-rule
• Government institutions
are based on European
styles but may have
some local rules
Direct Control
• Foreign officials
brought in to rule
• No self-rule
• Government institutions
are based only on
European styles
Points of Discussion
• Identify three forms of Imperialism
that were used to control foreign lands