Verbal Reasoning
Blue Lotus
Verbal Reasoning
Verbal Ability
is to understand the Prose and to work
with Specialized and Technical Vocabulary
Verbal Ability falls under following categories:
*Synonyms
* Antonyms
* Analogy
* Sentence Completions
* Reading Comprehensions
* Spotting Errors
* Idioms
Formation Of Words
 Primary Words:
Example : Run, Go, Do.
 Compound Words :
Example : Moonlight, Sweetheart, Spendthrift, Drawing
room, Downfall.
Formation Of Words
 Primary Derivatives:
Example : Breach (N) from break (V), Glaze from (V)
Glass (N)
 Secondary Derivatives:
Prefix - a, ab, un, mis.
Suffix - ful, less, ati, ism
Root Words
Greek Roots:
chron
morph
pan
neo
pyr
astro
-
time
form
all
new
fire
star
Root Words
Greek Roots: Example
chronicle
Metamorphosis
Panorama
Neologism
pyrotechnics
astronaut
-
historical record
change of form
an all round view
new word or meaning
relating to fireworks
space traveler
Root Words
Greek Roots:
ped
soma
gam
theo
onym
path
phil
-
child
body
marriage
god
name
feeling
to love
Root Words
Pediatrician
somatic
monogamy
theomacy
toponym
Sympathy
-
Philosophy -
doctor who treats child
of body
married to one person
battle among god
word derived from name of place
Compassion for someone else’s
pain
love of wisdom
Root Words
Greek Roots:
poly
bibli
misein
logy
archy/ cracy psyche
-
many
book
to hate
study of
rule by
mind, spirit, soul
Root Words
Greek Roots: Example
polyglot bibliophile misogamist graphology theocracy psychosis -
competent in many languages
book seller
one who hates marriage
study of handwriting
rule by gods
a mental disorder
Root Words
Latin Roots:
cede, ceed, cess
brev
nihil
omni
cide
nec
dorm, somn
-
go / movement
short
nothing/abolish
all
to kill
death
to sleep
Root Words
Latin Roots:
recede
breviary
Annihilate
Omniscient
filicide
necrology
dormant
-
go back
summary
kill, reduce to nothing
all knowing
killing of children
list of the dead, obituary
asleep
Root Words
Latin Roots:
luc
loqu/locut bene
mal
cred
bel
vor
scribe
-
light
to speak
good
bad
believe
war
eat
to write
Root Words
Latin Roots:
elucidate
solilquy
beneficial
malevolent
credulous
antebellum
omnivore
describe
-
make clear
speaking alone
good for
harmful, wanting to cause harm
ready to believe
preceding a war
who eats everything
write in detail
Root Words
Latin Roots:
later
magni
rect
Doc
flect
fract
tract/ tang
verto
-
side
large
straight
to teach
to bend
break
touch
to turn
Root Words
Latin Roots:
bilateral magnify rectify
doctrine genuflect fracture
intact
ambivert -
side
greatness of size
straighten or to correct
rule or principle
Bend in a gesture of respect
break
untouched
to turn your thoughts in both direction
Antonym
•
Think of a Context.
•
Carefully Read the given Choices.
•
Consider Secondary Meaning as well as
Primary Meaning.
•
Breakdown Unfamiliar Words into
Recognizable parts.
•
Eliminate the Choices for Answer.
Example:1
Industrious:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Stupid
Harsh
Indolent
Complex
Inexpensive
Antonym
Answer:
c) Indolent ( lazy, lethargic, idle)
Example:2
Belittle
a) Lessen
b) Intensity
c) Compliment
d) Begrudge
e) Fawn
Antonym
Answer:
c) Compliment
Example:3
Debilitate
a) Discharge
b) Strengthen
c) Undermine
d) Squelch
e) Delete
Antonym
Answer:
b) Strengthen
Example:4
Maladroit
a) Ill-willed
b) Dexterous
c) Cowardly
d) Enduring
e) Sluggish
Antonym
Answer:
b) Dexterous
Example:5
Prim
a) Enormous
b) Unsuitable
c) Arid
d) Healthy
e) Slight
Antonym
Answer:
b) Unsuitable
Example:6
Work through the choices, turning each into its
opposite:
Carnal
a)
Sensual
b) Aural
c)
Oral
d) Unusual
e)
Spiritual
Antonym
Answer:
e) Spiritual
Example:7
Alleviate:
a) Alienate
b) Worsen
c) Revitalize
d) Aerate
e) Elevate
Antonym
Answer:
b) Worsen
Example:8
Precipitate:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Candid
Erratic
Cautious
Generous
Shallow
Antonym
Answer:
a)
Cautious
Example:9
PERSPICUITY (Eloquence ,clarity):
a) madden.
b) disturbance.
c) articulacy.
d) vagueness.
WIPRO 2008
Antonym
Answer :
d) Vagueness
Example:10
Veracity
a) flaw
b) restlessness
c) dishonesty
d) reliable
(INFOSYS 2008)
Antonym
Answer :
c) dishonesty
Example:11
Disregarded
(a) heed
(b) hopeful
(c) evade
(d) dense
(Satyam)
Antonym
Answer:
(a) heed
Example:12
Obviate
(a) becloud
(b) necessitate
(c) rationalize
(d) execute
(Satyam)
Antonym
Answer:
(b) necessitate
Example:13
Superficial
(a) profound
(b) exaggerated
(c) subjective
(d) spirited
(satyam)
Antonym
Answer:
(a) profound
Example:14
ABJURE
a. Blaspheme
b. Champion
c. Gesticulate
d. Mitigate
(TCS)
Antonym
Answer:
(b) Champion
Example:15
PRODIGAL
a. Bountiful
b. Dependent
c. Provident
d. Superfluous
(TCS)
Antonym
Answer:
c. Provident
Example:16
Catholic
a) Uncharitable
b) Reticent
c) Specialized
d) Irreverent
e) Reckless
Antonym
Answer:
c) Specialized
Example:17
Slothful
a)
b)
c)
d)
Credulous
Highly skilled
Without resources
Sprightly
Antonym
Answer:
d) Sprightly
Example:18
Laconic
a) Sullen
b) Handsome
c) Verbose
d) Sharp memory
Antonym
Answer:
c) Verbose
Example:19
Solicitous
a) Mild
b) Showing no concern for
c) Grateful
d) Cheerful
Antonym
Answer:
b) showing no concern for
Example:20
Opprobrium
a) Very easy
b) Suspenseful
c) Modern
d) Praise
Antonym
Answer:
d) Praise
Synonym
• Think of a Context.
• Carefully Read the given Choices.
• Consider Secondary Meaning as well as
Primary Meaning.
• Breakdown Unfamiliar Words into
Recognizable parts.
• Eliminate the Choices for Answer.
Example:1
Astute:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Sheer
Noisy
Astral
Unusual
Clever
Synonym
Answer:
a)
Clever
Example:2
Cliché
(a) Increase
(b) Vehicle
(c) Morale
(d) Platitude
(e) Pique
Synonym
Answer:
a) Platitude
Example:3
Genuflect:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Falsify
Trick
Project
Bend the Knee
Pronounce Correctly
Synonym
Answer:
d) Bend the Knee
Example:4
Innocuous:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Not capable
Not dangerous
Not eager
Not frank
Not peaceful
Synonym
Answer:
b) Not dangerous
Example:5
Heterodox
a) Retrospective
b) Outgoing
c) Patience
d) Contrary to accepted belief.
(TCS 2008)
Synonym
Answer :
d) contrary to accepted belief.
Example:6
EMANCIPATE
(a) Set free
(b) Take back
(c) Make worse
(d) Embolden
(TCS)
Synonym
Answer:
a) Set free
Example:7
REPUGNANCE
(a) Belligerence
(b) Tenacity
(c) Pity
(d) Loathing
(TCS)
Synonym
Answer:
(a)
Loathing
Example:8
AWRY
(a) Recommended
(b) Commiserating
(c) Startled
(d) Crooked
(TCS)
Synonym
Answer:
(a)
Crooked
Example:9
Minion
(a) Monster
(b) Quorum
(c) Majority
(d) Host
(e) Dependant
(Caritor)
Synonym
Answer:
e) Dependant
Example:10
Vigilance
(a) Bivouac
(b) Guide
(c) Watchfulness
(d) Mob rule
(e) Posse
(Caritor)
Synonym
Answer:
c) Watchfulness
Example:11
Exaction
a) Accuracy
b) Left-over portion
c) Act of demanding strictly
d) ignorance
Synonym
Answer:
c) Act of demanding Strictly
Example:12
Strafe
a) To punish
b) To Strengthen
c) To run away
d) To work very hard
Synonym
Answer:
a) To punish
Example:13
Contemporaneous
a) Irritating
b) Artificial
c) A very complicated problem
d) Happening at the same time
Synonym
Answer:
d) Happening at the same time
Example:14
Hiatus
a) Uphill task
b) Distant Place
c) Fading memory
d) Gap
Synonym
Answer:
d) Gap
Example:15
Exacerbate
a) To make something more severe
b) To cause artificial shortage
c) To assume false importance
d) To flatter
Synonym
Answer:
a)
To make something more severe
Example:16
Modicum
a) Basic
b) Pertaining to earlier times
c) Small quantity
d) Annoying weather
Synonym
Answer:
c) Small quantity
Example:17
Factitious
a) Humorous
b) Truthful
c) Artificial
d) Causing fatigue
Synonym
Answer:
c) Artificial
Example:18
Delectation
a) Enjoyment
b) Envy
c) Inspiration
d) astuteness
Synonym
Answer:
a)
Enjoyment
Example:19
Fidelity
a) Powerful
b) Faithfulness
c) Paucity
d) Stinking
Synonym
Answer:
b) Faithfulness
Example:20
Nascent
a) Obnoxious
b) Incipient
c) Pleasant
d) kingdom
Synonym
Answer:
b) Incipient
Analogy
•
Relationship - two Words in the Pair.
•
Similar or Parallel Relationship - Different Pair
of Words.
•
Direction of Flow.
•
Relationship in the Original pair - Specific and
Precise.
Tactics
•
State the relationship - Capitalized Words e.
•
More than one answer - Narrower Approach.
•
Consider Secondary Meaning as well
Primary Meaning.
•
Familiarize - Common Analogy types.
Analogy Types
1. Definition
2. Defining Characteristic
3. Class and Members
4. Antonyms
5. Synonyms
6. Part to Whole
7. Function
8. Manner
Analogy Types
9. Action & its Significance
10. Worker and Article Created
11. Worker and Tool
12. Worker and Action
13. Sex
14. Symbol
Example 1
Friction: Abrasion ::
a) Sterility: Cleanliness
b) Dam: Flood
c) Heat: Evaporation
d) Literacy: Ignorance
Analogy
Answer:
c) Heat: Evaporation
Example 2
Vernacular : place : : ? : Fingerprint
a) Articulacy
b) Identical
c) different
d) martial
(Infosys 2008)
Analogy
Answer :
b) Identical
Example 3
Listless: Excite::
a) Stuffy: Brag
b) Skeptical: Convince
c) Industrious: Produce
d) Scholarly: Instruct
Analogy
Answer:
b) Skeptical: Convince
Example 4
Teeth : Mouth : : Brain: ?
a) Heart
b) Lungs
c) Skull
d) Body
Analogy
Answer:
a)
Skull
Example 5
Slur : Speech : : Smudge :
a) tongue
b) clear
c) writing
d) language
(CTS 2007)
Analogy
Answer:
c) Writing
Problem 8
Crow : boastful ::
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
smirk : witty
conceal : sky
pout : sulky
blush : coarse
bluster : unhappy
Analogy
Answer:
(a) smirk : witty
Problem 9
Lumber: Bear ::
a) Roost
b) Bray
c) Waddle
d) Swoop
e) Chirp
:
:
:
:
:
hen
donkey
goose
hawk
sparrow
Analogy
Answer:
(a) Roost : hen
Problem 10
Gullible : duped ::
a) Credible
b) Careful
c) Malleable
d) Myopic
e) Articulate
:
:
:
:
:
cheated
cautioned
moulded
mislead
silenced
Analogy
Answer:
a) Credible : cheated
Problem 11
Eternal: End ::
a) Precursory
b) Grammatical
c) Invaluable
d) Frenetic
e) Implausible
:
:
:
:
:
Beginning
Sentence
Worth
Movement
credibility
Analogy
Answer:
e) Implausible : credibility
Problem 12
Dolphin: Mammal ::
a) Larva
b) Penguin
c) Sonnet
d) Computer
e) Peninsula
:
:
:
:
:
Insect
Bird
Stanza
Machine
Island
Analogy
Answer:
b) Penguin : Bird
Problem 13
Green: Experience ::
a) Ungainly
b) Rank
c) Indolent
d) Impassioned
e) Dispirited
:
:
:
:
:
Grace
Knowledge
Laziness
Ardor
Despondence
Analogy
Answer:
d) Impassioned :
Ardor
Problem 14
Contrition: Penitent::
a) Caution
:
b) Speculation :
c) Obstinacy :
d) Sanguinity :
e) Wisdom
:
Driver
Philosopher
Athlete
Partner
sage
Analogy
Answer:
e) Wisdom : sage
Problem 15
Disarm: Weapons
(a) Limit : Abilities
(b) Soothe : difficulties
(c) Restrain : Movement
(d) Disguise : Identify
(e) Usurp : Power
Analogy
Answer:
(e) Usurp : Power
Problem 16
Stone: Sculptor
a) Brick
b) Words
c) Bust
d) Scalpel
e) Mine
:
:
:
:
:
House
Poet
Portrait
Surgeon
Ore
Analogy
Answer:
b) Words : Poet
Problem 17
Shearing: Wool
a) Shredding
b) Breathing
c) Trimming
d) Reaping
e) Weaving
:
:
:
:
:
Paper
Wine
Hedge
Grain
Silk
Analogy
Answer:
d) Reaping : Grain
Problem 18
Synopsis: Condensed
a) Digression
b) Mystery
c) Excursion
d) Antiquity
e) Plagiarism
:
:
:
:
:
Repeated
Enticing
Pleasant
Forgotten
Pirated
Analogy
Answer:
e) Plagiarism : Pirated
Problem 19
Admonish: Counsel::
a) Mollify
b) Necessitate
c) Enervate
d) Manufacture
e) Remunerate
:
:
:
:
:
Intensity
Generosity
Vitality
Opinion
Payment
Analogy
Answer:
d) Manufacture : Opinion
Problem 20
Countermand: Order::
a) Corroborate
b) Restate
c) Reopen
d) Prejudice
e) Revoke
:
:
:
:
:
Document
Claim
Investigation
Testimony
License
Analogy
Answer:
e) Revoke : License
Sentence Completion
It tests your
Ability to use Vocabulary
a)Ability to Recognize Logical
b)Consistency among the Elements in a Sentence
What makes SC difficult Vocabulary :
Use of words like Nonplussed, Harbingers, Eclectic
Use of Secondary Meanings
Example : Economy – Restrain
Toy
– Dally
Cont…
Sentence Completion
B. Grammatical complexity :
They includes entire range of Grammatical Possibilities.
Use of Clauses, Prepositional Phrases, Gerunds etc. in a
Convoluted Manner.
C. Tone :
Writers Attitude towards the Subject Matter i.e ironic,
playful, skeptical, somber etc.
Cont…
Sentence Completion
Style :
Ideas maybe expressed in different manners, Ornately
or Sparely, Poetically or Prosaically, formally or
informally etc. An author’s style depends on such
details as word Choice, Imagery Repetition, Rhythm,
Sentence Structures and Length.
Thought extenders
-
Continue the idea
Thought contrasters
-
Reverse the idea
Cont…
Sentence Completion
Signal Words :
additionally
also
and
as well
besides
furthermore
moreover
too
likewise
although
but
despite
nevertheless
in spite of
on the contrary
still
while
which
illogically
surprisingly
paradoxically
unexpectedly
Tactics
•
•
•
•
•
•
Read the Sentence ,think of a word – makes
sense.
Look at all possible answers.
In Double blank- options-testing the first word
in each choice.
Watch for Single Word that link one part of the
Sentence to another.
Break down Complex Sentences - Simpler
Components.
Check whether the Metaphor controls the
Choice of Words.
Example:1
Because of experience had convinced her
that he was both self-seeking and
avaricious, she rejected the likelihood that
his donation had been ______.
a)Redundant
b)Frivolous
c)Inexpensive
d)Ephemeral
e)Altruistic
Sentence Completion
Answer:
e) “Altruistic” (unselfish, selfless).
Example: 2
If you are trying to make a strong impression
on your audience, you cannot do so by being
understated, tentative, or ______.
a)Hyperbolic
b)Restrained
c)Argumentative
d)Authoritative
e)Passionate
Sentence Completion
Answer:
b) “Restrained” ( controlled, in control of yourself).
Example: 3
Despite the mixture’s________ nature, we
found that by lowering its temperature in the
laboratory we could dramatically reduce its
tendency to vaporize.
a)Resilient
b)Volatile
c)Homogeneous
d)Insipid
( INFOSYS 2008)
e)Acerbic
Sentence Completion
Answer :
b) Volatile (Explosive, Hot-tempered)
Example:4
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
In a happy, somewhat boisterous
celebration of the European discovery of
America, the major phase of the
Columbus Cinquecentennial got off to
______ start on Friday.
a slow.
A rousing.
a reluctant
Accenture 2007
an indifferent.
a quiet.
Sentence Completion
Answer :
b) a Rousing
Example:5
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
We are ___ the intellects of the past; or rather, like
children we take it for granted that somebody must
supply us with our supper and our _____ .
Ungrateful to …. Ideas.
Dependent on … repose
Unfaithful to … needs
Fortunate in …. Allowance
Generous to …. wants
Sentence Completion
Answer:
a) Ungrateful to …. Ideas.
Example:6
Sharmi is always late she never comes___ time
a) at
b) with in
c) on
d) Before
(Wipro)
Sentence Completion
Answer:
c) on
Example:7
It is very nice. before I came here I didn't see it
_________
a) any where
b) anyone
c) every one
d) every where
(Wipro)
Sentence Completion
Answer:
a) any where
Example:8
Tennyson was a well-loved poet; no other poet
since has been so ____ .
a). lionized
b). attacked
c). decried
d). poetical
e). abhorred
Sentence Completion
Answer:
A. lionized
Example:9
Harding was unable to ____ the results of the
survey; although entirely unexpected, the figures
were obtained by a market research firm with an
____ reputation.
a). accept - peerless
b). discount - impeccable
c). fault-mediocre
d). counter - unenviable
e). believe - fine
Sentence Completion
Answer:
B. discount - impeccable
Example:10
Many so-called social playwrights are distinctly ____ ;
rather than allowing the members of the audience to
form their own opinions, these writers force a viewpoint
on the viewer.
a). conciliatory
b). prolific
c). iconoclastic
d). didactic
e). contumacious
Sentence Completion
Answer:
D. didactic
Example - 11
In American film, some character actors have
found it _____ to gain widespread recognition,
although within the smaller community of actors,
directors, and producers they are highly
regarded.
a)Difficult
b)Acceptable
c)Unsatisfactory
d)Discouraging
e)Relatively
simple
Sentence Completion
Answer:
a)
Difficult
Example - 12
Despite the fact that over time the originally antagonistic
response to his sculpture had lessened, to this day,
hardly any individuals ____ his art.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Applaud
Castigate
Evaluate
Denounce
ignore
Sentence Completion
Answer:
a)
Applaud
Example - 13
In contrast to physicists who base their research
on scientific theory, he modeled his
procedure on rigorous ____; so despite the
fact that his method was less sophisticated,
hid results were ___ sound.
a) Fiction …methodologically
b)
abstraction…arguably
c) Intuition … scientifically
d) Observation…factually
Sentence Completion
Answer:
d) Observation…factually
Example - 14
Although he asserted his theology was derived from
____ school of thought, it actually utilizes
conventions from many religious and so it rightfully
could be described as having ____ origins.
a)
b)
c)
d)
A particular… diverse
A cogent …multitalented
A prominent …coherent
A single…consonant
Sentence Completion
Answer:
a) A particular… diverse
Example - 15
Although bound to impose the law, a judge is
free to use her discretion to ___ the
anachronistic ___ of some criminal penalties.
a)
b)
c)
d)
Enforce … judiciousness
Impose…legally
Exacerbate…severity
Mitigate…barbarity
Sentence Completion
Answer:
d) Mitigate…barbarity
Example - 16
To examine the ___ of importing concepts from one
discipline to enhance another, merely look at the
degree to which words from the first may, without
distortion, be ___ the second.
a)
b)
c)
d)
danger… meaningless for
Popularity… created within
Etiquette…revitalized by
Validity … employed by
Sentence Completion
Answer:
d) Validity … employed by
Example - 17
Recent investigation into business and morality
reveals the way in which apparently ____
business decisions, typically lost sight of in
the ordinary operations of commerce, in
reality ___ moral choices of major
importance.
a)
b)
c)
unimportant… represent
Unreliable…provoke
Unparalleled…symbolize
Sentence Completion
Answer:
a) unimportant… represent
Example - 18
While many people enjoy observing rituals and
customs not ___ their culture, they _____
participating in them.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Sanctioned by… encourage
Endemic to …eschew
Upheld in…. Condone
Central to …relish
Accustomed to … avoid
Sentence Completion
Answer:
b) Endemic to …eschew
Example - 19
The sparring of the two lawyers appeared ____;
however, it is well known that, outside the
courtroom, the friendship between the two
is____.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
pointless…cooperative
Hostile…obvious
Lighthearted…abrogated
Heightened… concealed
Brilliant … precluded
Sentence Completion
Answer:
b) Hostile…obvious
Example - 20
In radio, a morning broadcasting time often ___ a
larger and more ____ audience and, thus, one
that is more appealing to advertisers of
expensive products.
a)
b)
c)
d)
Demands … attractive
Denotes… agreeable
Indicates… prosperous
Overlooks… practical
Sentence Completion
Answer:
c) Indicates… prosperous
Spotting Errors
•
Grammatical Errors form the most
Probable Error in Error Spotting exercises.
•
Mistakes in Preposition and Tenses is
more Common.
Examples
1)
The car is / almost / the same / like mine.
2)
The weather / feels / as / spring.
3)
Mary’s job / is as / hard / than Bill’s.
4) Some of the M.P’s absented/ from lok
sabha even/ when issues of the highest/
importance were being discussed.
Examples
5) India is one of/ those few countries/ which
has maintained /steady growth rate.
6) Let you and I/ press our minds/ into
thinking/ out the best solution.
7) None of the boys/ who were/ present there
came/ for help.
Examples
8) Shangai is/bigger than/ any city in/ the world.
9) I shall /leave this /place when /he will come.
10) When I returned /my home from office/ I saw the
flower pots are/ broken infront of my home/No
error.
(Wipro 2008).
11) The walls are/ now wet/ because yesterday/ it has
been raining./ No error.
(Wipro 2008).
Examples
12). At the music recital, Alexandra enjoyed
listening to her friend Mohammed’s
insightful Interpretation, which she thought was
more sophisticated than the other performers.
No error.
(infosys)
13). If one is interested in learning even more
about Zora Neale Hurston, you should read
Robert Hemingway's biography. No error.
(infosys)
Examples
14. Sponsors of the Olympic games who bought
advertising time on united states television includes
at least a dozen international firms whose names are
familiar to American consumers. No error. (infosys)
15. Originally a protest on conventional painting, the
pre-Raphaelite movement exerted great influence on
the art of its time. No error. (infosys)
Examples
16). In financial matters / it is important to / get
disinterested advice. / no error.
17). Credit cards have / brought about a
revolution / in people’s spending habits. / no
error.
18). A cogent remark / compels acceptance
because / of their sense and logic. / no error.
19). He had been / saved of death as if / by
divine intervention. / no error.
Examples
20). The film was so disjointed / that I could not tell
you / what the story was about. / no error.
21). Take two spoonful / of this medicine / every
three hours. / no error.
22). Some women admit that / their principle goal in
life / is to marry a wealthy man. / no error.
23). If the allegations / made against him / are found
to be true / he could face rigorous imprisonment. /
no error
Examples
24). On discovering that / it was a forgery / he
torn up the agreement / he had signed. / no
error.
25). With regard to implementation the / details
of the proposal / the committee was divided /
in its opinion. / no error.
Solution
16). In financial matters / it is important to / get neutral
advice / no error.
17). Credit cards have / bought about a revolution / in
people’s spending habits / no error.
18). A cogent remark / compels acceptance because / of
it sense and logic / no error.
19). He had been / saved from death as if / by divine
intervention / no error.
Solution
20). The film was so disjointed / that I can not tell you
/ what the story was about / no error.
21). Take two spoonfuls / of this medicine / every three
hours / no error.
22). Some women admit that / their principal goal in
life / is to marry a wealthy man / no error.
23). If the allegations / made against him / are found to
be true / he could face rigorous imprisonment / no
error
Solution
24). On discovering that / it was a forgery / he
torn up the agreement / he had signed / no
error.
25). With regard to implementation the /
details of the proposal / the committee was
divided / in its opinion / no error.
Reading Comprehension
Its Tests your Ability to Understand
Content, Technique and your Logical
Interpretation Skills.
Some Strategies For Use
• Look carefully at the Parts of Speech specially
in the
Synonym and Antonym variation
questions.
• Look for Secondary Meanings of words if the
Primary ones do not seem to fit.
• If the Meaning of a Word is not known, try and
place it within a Context, and then see what
Sense it makes.
Tactics
•
Tackle Passages with Familiar Subjects before passages
with unfamiliar ones.
•
First Read the Passage, then Read the Questions.
•
Learn to Spot the Major Reading Question types.
a) Main idea.
b) Finding specific details.
c) Inference.
d) Application to other situations.
e) Tone.
f) Technique.
g) Vocabulary.
Idioms
Idioms are the Expressions whose Meanings
cannot be easily worked out from the words
they contain.
•
•
It is Expression in the Sentence.
•
It is Different from Slang / Colloquial.
Example:1
The manager’s bark is worse than his bite.
a)
b)
c)
d)
He shouts
He punishes
His action is worse than his speech
His speech is worse than action
Idioms
Answer:
a)
His speech is worse than action
Example: 2
It is bad to pass the buck on somebody.
a)
b)
c)
d)
Infect
Inflict
Blame
Shift responsibility
Idioms
Answer:
a)
Shift responsibility
Example:3
Political parties pay back in the same coin
when attacked.
Pay money to silence
b) Retaliate physically
c) Answer in the same manner
d) Reply differently
a)
Idioms
Answer:
C) Answer in the same manner
Example: 4
The new kid really gets under my skin.
a)
b)
c)
d)
The baby is of my complexion
The baby is less in colour than I am
Baby makes me laugh
The baby annoys me a lot
Idioms
Answer:
d) The baby annoys me a lot
Example: 5
If I am wrong on this point, I’ll eat my words
a) I shall change my words.
b) I shall justify.
c) I shall argue.
d) I will admit it.
Idioms
Answer:
d) I will admit it.
Jumbled Order
Types,
Jumbled Words.
Jumbled Sentence.
Example:1
A.
It was never denied and seemed to be
integrated into the city life.
B.
The poverty was there right in the open in
all the streets.
C.
But, somehow it did not depress me as
much as I had.
D.
Indian society is associated with great
poverty, and indeed I saw a lot of poverty in
Mumbai.
Jumbled Sentence
D) Indian society is associated with great poverty,
and indeed I saw a lot of poverty in Mumbai.
C) But, somehow it did not depress me as much as
I had.
B) The poverty was there right in the open in all
the streets.
A) It was never denied and seemed to be
integrated into the city life.
Example:2
a)
Their growing costs and a growing economy
must be reckoned with realistically.
b)
Central programmes persist and in some
cases grow.
c)
As demand expands, programmes expand.
d)
It is extremely difficult to curtail them.
Jumbled Sentence
B) Central programmes persist and in some
cases grow.
C) As demand expands, programmes expand.
D) It is extremely difficult to curtail them.
A) Their growing costs and a growing economy
must be reckoned with realistically.
Jumbled Sentence
Rearrange the jumbled sentences. The first and
the last are in their proper places. Find the proper
sequence of ABCD.
Example:3
Eventually, tim brought in a communications
consultant named Gloria Hoffman to mediate.
A. She also forced them to talk about what they respected
about each other.
B. With Hoffman’s help, they came to an agreement to
help ensure a smooth transition.
C. For the year that Ray planned to remain CEO, he
could veto tim’s ideas. But after that year he would
pack up, leave the building and not interfere.
D. For six months, Ray and Tim met independently with
Hoff man to vent their frustration with each other.
6. ‘they began to think like that and ended up doing it on
their own’, say Hoffman, ‘it changed their
‘relationship considerably’
1.
Jumbled Sentence
1.
D.
B.
C.
A.
6.
Eventually, Tim brought in a communications
consultant named Gloria Hoffman to mediate.
For six months, Ray and Tim met independently with
Hoff man to vent their frustration with each other.
With Hoffman’s help, they came to an agreement to
help ensure a smooth transition.
For the year that Ray planned to remain CEO, he could
veto Tim's ideas. But after that year he would pack up,
leave the building and not interfere.
She also forced them to talk about what they respected
about each other.
‘They began to think like that and ended up doing it on
their own’, say Hoffman, ‘it changed their ‘relationship
considerably’
Example 4
a)
b)
c)
d)
It was never denied and seemed to be
integrated into the city life.
The poverty was there right in the open in all
the streets.
But, somehow it did not depress me as much
as I had feared.
Indian society is associated with great
poverty, and indeed I saw a lot of poverty in
mumbai.
Jumbled Sentence
It was never denied and seemed to be
integrated into the city life.
d) Indian society is associated with great
poverty, and indeed I saw a lot of poverty in
mumbai.
b) The poverty was there right in the open in all
the streets.
c) But, somehow it did not depress me as much
as I had feared.
a)
Example - 5
a)
b)
c)
d)
Ask anybody who they work for nowadays, and the
answer is likely to be ‘a small company’.
And that company is more likely to go bust.
Fascination with size is no more revealing in
management theory than it is other areas of life.
Regardless of the relative merits of big and small
companies, nowadays you are more likely to work
for a small company.
Jumbled Sentence
D) Regardless of the relative merits of big and small
companies, nowadays you are more likely to work
for a small company.
A) Ask anybody who they work for nowadays, and the
answer is likely to be ‘a small company’.
B) And that company is more likely to go bust.
C) Fascination with size is no more revealing in
management theory than it is other areas of life.
Thank You
Blue Lotus