CHAPTER
3
The Integumentary
System - Dermatology
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3-2
Learning Outcomes
After studying this chapter, you will be able to:
3.1 Identify the roots/word parts associated
with the integumentary system.
3.2 Translate the Subjective terms associated
with the integumentary system.
3.3 Translate the Objective terms associated
with the integumentary system.
3.4 Translate the Assessment terms
associated with the integumentary system.
Copyright © 2016 McGraw-Hill Education. Permission required for reproduction or display.
3-3
Learning Outcomes
3.5
3.6
3.7
Translate the Plan terms associated with the
integumentary system.
Use abbreviations associated with the
integumentary system.
Distinguish terms associated with the
integumentary system in the context of
electronic health records.
Copyright © 2016 McGraw-Hill Education. Permission required for reproduction or display.
3-4
Introduction and Overview of Dermatology
• Skin serves as protection to the body
– First line defense from germs and irritants
– First point of contact with its surroundings
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3.1 Word Parts of the Integumentary System
• The integumentary system is made up of:
– Skin
• Epidermis
• Dermis
– Hair
– Nerves
– Glands
• Sweat
• Sebaceous
– Nails
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3.1 Word Parts of the Integumentary System
• Skin
– Epidermis
• Made up of squamous cells
– Dermis
• Made up of a few cells and many thick fibers
• Strong and flexible
• Contains hair follicles, nerves, and glands
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3.1 Word Parts of the Integumentary System
• Hair follicles
– Functions:
• Hold the hair into the dermis
• Nourish the hair
• Nerves
– Detect pressure, temperature, and pain
• Glands
– Sweat glands release sweat
– Sebaceous glands release sebum (oil)
• Nails
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3.1 Word Parts of the Integumentary System
• fat
– adip/o
– lip/o
– steat/o
• skin
– cutane/o
– derm/o
– dermat/o
• hair
– pil/o
– trich/o
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3.1 Word Parts of the Integumentary System
• sweat
– hidr/o
• nail
– onych/o
– ungu/o
• scale
– squam/o
• oil
– seb/o
– sebace/o
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3.1 Word Parts of the Integumentary System
• Word parts associated with pathology
– Unusual skin texture
• ichthyo• kerato• pachyo• xero• rhytido-
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3.1 Word Parts of the Integumentary System
• Word parts associated with pathology (cont.)
– Unusual skin color
• leuko• erythro• xantho• melano-
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3.1 Word Parts of the Integumentary System
Match each term on the left with the correct
definition on the right.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
keratoderma
onychocryptosis
rhytidoplasty
xeroderma
pachyderma
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
thick skin
hard skin
hidden nail
dry skin
surgical repair of
wrinkles
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3.1 Word Parts of the Integumentary System
Match each term on the left with the correct
definition on the right.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
albinism
melanoma
leukotrichia
erythroderma
xanthopsia
A. unable see the color
yellow
B. white hair
C. black-colored tumor
D. lack of skin pigment
E. redness of the skin
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3.1 Word Parts of the Integumentary System
• Skin color is due to the amount of melanin
produced
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3.2 Patient History, Problems, Complaints
• Subjective terms are those that the patient
reports to the health care provider
• Common complaint in regard to the skin is a new
rash
–
–
–
–
–
–
pruritus
seborrhea
xerosis
macerate
hyperhidrosis
anhidrosis
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3.2 Patient History, Problems, Complaints
• Subjective terms that describe a change from
normal skin color
– depigmentation
– hypermelanosis
• Subjective terms associated with hair problems
– alopecia
– hypertrichosis
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3.2 Patient History, Problems, Complaints
• Some words cannot be broken into word parts
– comedo
– macerate
– urticaria
• Break the medical term into smaller word parts
to determine its meaning:
–
–
–
–
dermatalgia
dermatodynia
dermatolysis
hemathidrosis
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3.2 Patient History, Problems, Complaints
• Define each medical term:
– xanthoderma
– rhytidermia
– onychophagia
– hypomelanosis
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3.3 Observation and Discovery
• Objective terms are used by the practitioner to
describe what he or she detects
• The appearance of a rash will help the
practitioner diagnose its cause
• Description of the rash includes:
–
–
–
–
–
Location
Size
Color
Texture
Filling of the rash (pustules)
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3.3 Observation and Discovery
• Location of a rash
– Localized vs. generalized
– Spreading
• Centrifugal vs. centripetal
• Presence of bumps and their size
– Papules <1cm
– Nodules >1cm
– Plaques are large and flat
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3.3 Observation and Discovery
• Bumps that are filled with fluid:
–
–
–
–
Vesicles are <1 cm and filled with clear fluid
Bulla are >1 cm and filled with clear fluid
Pustules are filled with pus
Abscesses are large pustules
• Flat spots:
– Freckles are small flat spots called macules
– Large macules are called patches
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3.3 Observation and Discovery
• Skin conditions caused by blood vessels:
– Collection of blood vessels
• cherry angioma – raised
• telangiectasia – flat
– Bruises
• petechiae – small
• ecchymosis – large
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3.3 Observation and Discovery
• Diagnostic procedures
– Skin biopsy
• excisional
• shave
• punch
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3.3 Observation and Discovery
• Scar formations
– cicatrix
– keloid
• Epidermal tumors
– nevus
– dysplastic nevus
– verucca
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3.3 Observation and Discovery
• Diagnostic procedures
–
–
–
–
–
culture and sensitivity
biopsy (Bx)
excisional vs. incisional biopsy
dermatoscope
dermoscopy
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3.3 Observation and Discovery
• Pathological findings
–
–
–
–
adipocele
dermatofibroma
erythrocyanosis
keratogenic
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3.3 Observation and Discovery
• Pathological conditions of the nail (all have
onych- as part of the word)
–
–
–
–
–
–
onycholysis
onychomalacia
onychopathy
onychophagia
onychocryptosis
paronychia
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3.4 Diagnosis and Pathology
• Assessment terms are those that describe the
diagnosis of the condition
• Skin problems
–
–
–
–
Infections
Inflammations
Tumors
Changes in the skin
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3.4 Diagnosis and Pathology
• General skin changes
–
–
–
–
dermatosis
decubitus ulcer
dermopathy
eczema
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3.4 Diagnosis and Pathology
• General skin changes
– Associated with hair:
• hypertrichosis
• postpartum alopecia
– Associated with skin
• atopic dermatitis
• ichthyosis
• sclerodermatitis
• xanthosis
– Associated with nails
• scleronychia
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3.4 Diagnosis and Pathology
• Tumors
– malignant cutaneous neoplasms
• basal cell carcinoma
• malignant melanoma
• squamous cell carcinoma
– benign skin tumors
• actinic keratosis
• hidradenoma
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3.4 Diagnosis and Pathology
• Infections
– Fungal infections
• mycosis
• dermatomycosis
• mycodermatitis
• onychomycosis
• trichomycosis
– Miscellaneous infections
• acne vulgaris
• impetigo
• onychodystrophy
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3.4 Diagnosis and Pathology
• Inflammations
–
–
–
–
–
steatitis
dermatitis
actinic dermatitis
seborrheic dermatitis
dermatoconiosis
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3.5 Treatments and Therapies
• Plan terms explain how patients will be treated
for their conditions
• Medications
– Anti-infection or cleansing
– Anti-immune
– Anti-itch or allergy
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3.5 Treatments and Therapies
• Procedures to treat the integumentary system:
–
–
–
–
–
–
Chemicals
Vacuums
Cold
Lasers
Electricity
Surgery
• Mohs micrographic surgery
• Skin grafting
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3.5 Treatments and Therapies
• General terms
–
–
–
–
epidermal
intradermal
hypodermic and subdermal
percutaneous and transdermal
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3.5 Treatments and Therapies
• Procedures
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
chemosurgery
cryosurgery
chemotherapy
dermabrasion
electrocauterization
electodesiccation
incision and drainage (I&D)
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3.5 Treatments and Therapies
• Procedures (cont.)
–
–
–
–
–
onychectomy
onychotomy
liposuction
lipectomy
rhytidoplasty
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3.5 Treatments and Therapies
Match each term on the left with the correct definition
on the right. One definition is used twice.
1.
2.
3.
4.
heterograft
xenograft
homograft
autograft
A. graft from the same
species
B. graft from another
part of the patient’s
body
C. graft from another
species
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3.5 Treatments and Therapies
Match each medication on the left with the correct
definition on the right.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
antipruritic
antibiotic
anesthetic
antiseptic
antihistamine
A. opposes effect of
histamine
B. temporarily blocks
sensation
C. opposes growth of
microorganisms
D. prevents sepsis by
killing organisms
E. prevents itching
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3.6 Abbreviations
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3.7 Electronic Health Records
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3.7 Electronic Health Records
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3-44
3.7 Electronic Health Records
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3-45
Chapter Summary: Learning Outcomes
After studying this chapter, you should be able to:
3.1 Identify the roots/word parts associated
with the integumentary system.
3.2 Translate the Subjective terms associated
with the integumentary system.
3.3 Translate the Objective terms associated
with the integumentary system.
3.4 Translate the Assessment terms
associated with the integumentary system.
Copyright © 2016 McGraw-Hill Education. Permission required for reproduction or display.
3-46
Chapter Summary: Learning Outcomes
3.5
3.6
3.7
Translate the Plan terms associated with the
integumentary system.
Use abbreviations associated with the
integumentary system.
Distinguish terms associated with the
integumentary system in the context of
electronic health records.
Copyright © 2016 McGraw-Hill Education. Permission required for reproduction or display.