Dr. Debbie Beard
June 6, 2008
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Consider your target audience and possible
publication venues
Access the most recent copy of the appropriate
style guide and editorial policy and style
instructions
General and specialized, i.e. academic, science,
medicine, journalism, the law, government,
business, and industry, international
Consult your Faculty Mentor for their preference
Be consistent
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The MLA Handbook for Writers of Research
Papers
The Publication of the American Psychological
Association (APA)
A Manual For Writers of Research Papers,
Theses, and Dissertations (Turabian)
The Chicago Manual of Style
The Elements of Style by Struck and White
The Bluebook: A Uniform System of Citation
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American Chemical Society Style Guide:
Effective Communication of Scientific
Information
American Medical Association Manual of Style
American Sociological Association Style Guide
IEEE Style
Geosciences Reporting Guidelines
Modern Humanities Research Association Style
Guide
Scientific Style and Format: The CSE Manual for
Authors, Editors, and Publishers
The Style Manual for Political Science
 A recent study found a possible genetic cause
of alcoholism (Pauling, 2005).
 Pauling (2005) discovered a possible genetic
cause of alcoholism
 A recent study found a possible genetic cause
of alcoholism (Pauling & Liu, 2005).
 Pauling and Liu (2005) discovered a possible
genetic cause of alcoholism.
 A recent study found a possible genetic cause of
alcoholism (Pauling, Liu, & Guo, 2005).
 Pauling, Liu, and Guo (2005) conducted a study that
discovered a possible genetic cause of alcoholism.
 Pauling et al. (2005) discovered a possible
genetic cause of alcoholism.
 A recent study found a possible genetic cause
of alcoholism (Pauling et al., 2005).
 Recent studies have found a possible genetic cause of
alcoholism (Pauling, 2004, 2005a, 2005b).
 Pauling (2004, 2005a, 2005b) conducted several
recent studies study that discovered a possible genetic
cause of alcoholism
 Recent studies have found a possible genetic cause of
alcoholism (Alford, 1995; Pauling, 2004, 2005; Sirkis,
2003)
 When asked why his behavior had changed so
dramatically, Max simply said "I think it's the
reinforcement" (Pauling, 2004, p. 69).
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Depend on source of information—book,
periodical, website, interview, etc.
An example:
◦ Deno, N. C.; Richey, H. G.; Liu, J. S.; Lincoln, D. N.;
Turner, J. O. J. Amer. Chem. Soc. 1965, 87, 45334538
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Title Page: Title, Your Name, Professor’s Name,
Course title, Date of Submission
Abstract
Table of Contents
List of Illustrations
Introduction
Background and Related Literature
Data and Method
Results
Limitations
Conclusions and Implication for Future Research
References or Bibliography
Endnotes/Appendices/Tables/Figures