Periodic Table
Web Elements
Hydrogen
• Symbol – H
• Hydrogen is the lightest element
• Hydrogen was discovered by Henry Cavendish
at 1766 in London, England. Origin of name:
from the Greek words "hydro" and "genes"
meaning "water" and "generator".
Lithium
• Symbol – Li
• Lithium is half as dense as water
• Lithium was discovered by Johan August
Arfvedson at 1817 in Stockholm, Sweden. Origin
of name: from the Greek word "lithos" meaning
"stone", apparently because it was discovered
from a mineral source whereas the other two
common Group 1 elements, sodium and
potassium, were discovered from plant sources..
Yttrium
• Symbol – Y
• Moon rocks contain this mineral
• Yttrium was discovered by Johann Gadolin at
1794 in Finland. Origin of name: named after
the village of "Ytterby" near Vaxholm in
Sweden
Cobalt
• Symbol – Co
• Cobalt is very brittle but hard
• Cobalt was discovered by Georg Brandt at
1735 in Sweden. Origin of name: from the
German word "kobald" meaning "goblin" or
evil spirit
Calcium
• Symbol – Ca
• It reacts with water and the metal burns with
a yellow-red flame
• Calcium was discovered by Sir Humphrey Davy
at 1808 in England. Origin of name: from the
Latin word "calx" meaning "lime".
Gold
• Symbol – Au
• Gold is readily available commercially and its
price (see the UtiliseGold directory) changes day
by day and is one of the most widely tracked
commercial prices
• Gold was discovered by Known since ancient
times. at no data in not known. Origin of name:
from the Anglo-Saxon word "gold" (the origin of
the symbol Au is the Latin word "aurum"
meaning "gold").
Tungsten
• Symbol – W
• Tungsten has the highest melting point and
lowest vapour pressure of all metals
• Tungsten was discovered by Fausto and Juan
Jose de Elhuyar at 1783 in Spain. Origin of
name: from the Swedish words "tung sten"
meaning "heavy stone" (the origin of the
symbol W is "wolfram ", named after the
tungsten mineral wolframite).
Platinum
• Symbol – Pt
• The metal does not oxidise in air
• Platinum was discovered by Antonio de Ulloa
at 1735 in South America. Origin of name:
from the Spanish word "platina" meaning
"silver".
Oxygen
• Symbol – O
• The atmosphere of Mars contains only about
0.15% oxygen.
• Oxygen was discovered by Joseph Priestley,
Carl Scheele at 1774 in England, Sweden.
Origin of name: from the Greek words "oxy
genes" meaning "acid" (sharp) and "forming"
(acid former).
Chlorine
• Symbol – Cl
• Chlorine is a greenish yellow gas which
combines directly with nearly all elements.
• Chlorine was discovered by Carl William
Scheele at 1774 in Sweden. Origin of name:
from the Greek word "chloros" meaning "pale
green".
Magnesium
• Symbol – Mg
• Magnesium is the eighth most abundant
element in the earth's crust although not
found in it's elemental form.
• Magnesium was discovered by Sir Humphrey
Davy at 1755 in England. Origin of name: from
the Greek word "Magnesia", a district of
Thessaly.
Iodine
• Symbol – I
• It volatilises at ambient temperatures into a
pretty blue-violet gas with an irritating odour.
• Iodine was discovered by Bernard Courtois at
1811 in France. Origin of name: from the
Greek word "iodes" meaning "violet".
Aluminum
• Symbol – Al
• It is light, nontoxic (as the metal),
nonmagnetic and nonsparking.
• Aluminium was discovered by Hans Christian
Oersted at 1825 in Denmark. Origin of name:
from the Latin word "alumen" meaning
"alum".
Nitrogen
• Symbol – N
• Nitrogen makes up about 78% of the atmosphere
by volume but the atmosphere of Mars contains
less than 3% nitrogen.
• Nitrogen was discovered by Daniel Rutherford at
1772 in Scotland. Origin of name: from the Greek
words "nitron genes" meaning "nitre" and
"forming" and the Latin word "nitrum" (nitre is a
common name for potassium nitrate, KNO#).
Arsenic
• Symbol – As
• Upon heating arsenic and some minerals
containing arsenic, it sublimes (transfers from
the solid to the gaseous state, without passing
through the liquid state).
• Arsenic was discovered by Known since
ancient times at no data in not known. Origin
of name: from the Greek word "arsenikon"
meaning "yellow orpiment".
Iron
• Symbol – Fe
• It is found in the sun and many types of stars in
considerable quantity.
• Iron was discovered by Known since ancient
times at no data in not known. Origin of name:
from the Anglo-Saxon word "iron" or "iren" (the
origin of the symbol Fe comes from the Latin
word "ferrum" meaning "iron"). Possibly the
word iron is derived from earlier words meaning
"holy metal" because it was used to make the
swords used in the Crusades..
Zirconium
• Symbol – Zr
• The solid metal is much more difficult to ignite
• Zirconium was discovered by Martin Heinrich
Klaproth at 1789 in Berlin, Germany. Origin of
name: from the Arabic word "zargun"
meaning "gold colour".
Technetium
• Symbol – Tc
• Since its discovery, searches for the element
technetium in terrestrial materials have been
made without success.
• Technetium was discovered by Carlo Perrier,
Emilio Segre at 1937 in Italy. Origin of name:
from the Greek word "technikos" meaning
"artificial".
Nickel
• Symbol – Ni
• Nickel is found as a constituent in most
meteorites and often serves as one of the criteria
for distinguishing a meteorite from other
minerals.
• Nickel was discovered by Axel Fredrik Cronstedt
at 1751 in Sweden. Origin of name: from the
German word "kupfernickel" meaning Devil's
copper or St Nicholas's (OLd Nick's) copper.
Praseodymium
• Symbol – Pr
• The metal should be stored under an inert
atmosphere or under mineral oil or
petroleum.
• Praseodymium was discovered by Carl F. Auer
von Welsbach at 1885 in Austria. Origin of
name: from the Greek words "prasios
didymos" meaning "green twin".
Thorium
• Symbol – Th
• Thorium is a source of nuclear power.
• Thorium was discovered by Jöns Berzelius at
1829 in Sweden. Origin of name: named after
"Thor", the mythological Scandinavian god of
war
Americium
• Symbol – Am
• Americium appears to be more malleable than
uranium or neptunium and americium tarnishes
slowly in dry air at room temperature
• Americium was discovered by Glenn Seaborg,
Ralph James., L. Morgan, Albert Ghiorso at 1944
in USA. Origin of name: from the English word
"America".
Europium
• Symbol – Eu
• Europium ignites in air at about 150 to 180°C.
• Europium was discovered by Eugene
Demarcay at 1901 in France. Origin of name:
named after "Europe".
Radon
• Symbol – Rn
• At ordinary temperatures radon is a colourless
gas.
• Radon was discovered by Friedrich Ernst Dorn
at 1900 in Germany. Origin of name: named
after "the element radium" (radon was called
niton at first, from the Latin word "nitens"
meaning "shining".
Einsteinium
• Symbol – Es
• Einsteinium is radioactive rare earth metal
named after Albert Einstein.
• Einsteinium was discovered by Workers at
Argonne, Los Alamos, USA, and the University
of California at Berkeley, USA. at 1952 in USA.
Origin of name: named after "Albert Einstein".