Chapter 4: Spain Builds
an Empire
Lesson 2: Different Worlds Collide
Bell Ringer!
In your journal, answer this question to
the best of your ability… You can refer
to your notes & book.
What were some of the reasons
the Indian empires fell to the
conquistadors?
Bell Ringer!
 What were some of the reasons the
Indian empires fell to the conquistadors?
ANSWER: Allies helped the
Spanish conquistadors
communicate, get directions as
well as obtain food, shelter,
supplies and additional forces
to conquer the Aztecs.
Bell Ringer!
In your journal, answer this question to
the best of your ability… You can refer
to your notes & book.
How did having Indian allies
help Cortes conquer the
Aztecs?
The Aztecs are Conquered
Spanish Conquistador, Hernando Cortés journeyed to
Cuba, then to Mexico to gain Aztec wealth in 1519
Even with 500 men, Cortés was outnumbered by Aztec
troupes of ruler Montezuma, of Tenochtitlan
Spanish had metal armor and weapons, guns and
horses, Aztec only had stone weapons no armor
Spanish allies in Mexico helped Cortés. They were
people forcefully ruled by Aztecs, and looking to revolt.
Tenochtitlan
https://www.youtube.co
m/watch?v=liMYOqt8lH
8
2:00 to 4:50
Tenochtitlan
The Aztecs are Conquered
An ally is a friend that will help in a fight
One of Cortés’ allies was Doña Marina.(Christian name)
An Aztec woman who spoke several Indian languages
and persuaded people in Mexico to help Cortés
An other important all that the Spaniards did not know
they had was the germ that caused smallpox.
Some historians think thousands of Aztecs caught
smallpox after Cortés arrived.
The Aztecs are Conquered: Continued
In 1519, during their first meeting, Montezuma allowed
Cortés to stay, but a year later Aztecs threw Spanish out,
and Montezuma was killed
Between 1520 & 1521 Spanish returned, battled, and
took down Aztecs, who were the mightiest empire of
the Americas
Founding New Spain
Spanish destroyed city of Tenochtitlan & smallpox
continued to kill Mexican Native Americans in their
conquest (capture or taking of something by force).
1535 – New Spain (today, Mexico) was founded with
capital of Mexico City
government, schools, laws made, and Roman Catholic
priests came to convert (to change) Native Americans
Colonists (a person who lives in a colony) from Spain
started farms, businesses, and opened gold and silver
mines looking for wealth
The Conquests Continue
South of Aztec were Inca in South America, and
Francisco Pizarro was sent by Spain to conquer
Inca ruler Atahualpa defeated in 1532, and Incan
capital city of Cuzco destroyed
Pizarro founded Lima in the colony of Peru, that would
one day be the country Peru
Culture of Caribbean, Central, and South America lost
much NA influence, but gained Spanish, became a mix
of both
Pizarro’s & Spanish conquest of the Inca
Lesson 2 Review:
1. Sequence of Events:
Date
1535
1521
1519
1533
Event
Lesson 2 Review:
1. Sequence of Events:
Date
1535
1521
1519
1533
Event
New Spain is established
Lesson 2 Review:
1. Sequence of Events:
Date
Event
1535
New Spain is established
1521
Tenochtitlan falls
1519
1533
Lesson 2 Review:
1. Sequence of Events:
Date
Event
1535
New Spain is established
1521
Tenochtitlan falls
1519
Cortés arrives in Mexico
1533
Lesson 2 Review:
1. Sequence of Events:
Date
Event
1492
1535
New
Columbus’s
Spain is established
First Voyage
1493
1521
Tenochtitlan
Columbus’s falls
Second Voyage
1501
1519
Cortés
Amerigo
arrivesVespucci
in Mexico
sails
1513
1533
Pizarro
Balboa
conquers
sees thethe
Pacific
Incas
Ocean
Lesson 2 Review:
2. What were the key advantages of Hernando
Cortés in defeating the Aztecs?
Lesson 2 Review:
2. What were the key advantages of Hernando
Cortés in defeating the Aztecs?
Armor, horses, weapons,
disease, and native people
as allies
Lesson 2 Review:
3. Why did Spain send priest to New Spain?
Lesson 2 Review:
3. Why did Spain send priest to New Spain?
To convert native peoples
to Christianity
Lesson 2 Review:
4. How long did it take Pizarro to conquer the
Incan Empire?
Lesson 2 Review:
4. How long did it take Pizarro to conquer the
Incan Empire?
About two years