Presented by:
Raymond Rogers and Michael Shaffer
Advised by:
Dr. J. Hoffman
Special Thanks to: Duane Miller
Dr. R. Larivee
Dr. F. Senese
Dr. Mumper
Dr. Soysal
Project Goals
•To Write a Brief Biography of Thomas Alva
Edison
•To Measure Electrical Characteristics of Modern
Incandescent Light Bulbs
•To Determine and Measure all Important
Physical Characteristics of Light Bulbs
•To Attempt to Recreate the Original Carbon
Filament Edison Light Bulb
http://antoine.frostburg.edu/phys/edison/
Thomas Alva Edison
(1847-1931)
•Childhood
•Menlo Park
•Patents and Inventions
•The Golden Years
http://antoine.frostburg.edu/phys/edison/
Childhood Years
• Samuel & Nancy
Edison
• Home Life
• Education
• Employment
http://antoine.frostburg.edu/phys/edison/
Menlo Park
• The “Invention Factory” and the Muckers
• The Birth Place of the Practical Light Bulb
http://antoine.frostburg.edu/phys/edison/
Patents and Inventions
• In His Life, Edison Completed 1093 Patents
• Still Holds World Record for Most Patents
http://antoine.frostburg.edu/phys/edison/
The Golden Years
• Edison, the Workaholic
• Died - October 18, 1931 at the age of 84
http://antoine.frostburg.edu/phys/edison/
Analysis of Modern Light Bulbs
•Specifications of Apparatus
•Procedure
•Quantitative Analysis of Data
http://antoine.frostburg.edu/phys/edison/
Specifications of
Apparatus/Supplies
• Variac power supply
• Multi-meters
• Light Bulbs
• Light Bulb platform • Various Accessories
http://antoine.frostburg.edu/phys/edison/
Procedures
•Research / Inquiries
•Experiment Development
•Execution of Experiment
Example
http://antoine.frostburg.edu/phys/edison/
Quantitative Data Analysis
•Findings
Resistance Vs. Power
Current Vs. Voltage 1
Current Vs. Voltage 2
Current Vs. Voltage 3
http://antoine.frostburg.edu/phys/edison/
Characteristics of Manufactured Edison Bulb
Further Interest
• Curiosity in Tungsten Filaments
• Up Close and Personal
http://antoine.frostburg.edu/phys/edison/
The “Edison” Bulb
•Research and Development
•Carbon
•Experiments
•Conclusions
http://antoine.frostburg.edu/phys/edison/
Research and Development
•Personnel Consultation
•Reference
•Insight of Curiosity…the Pickle
http://antoine.frostburg.edu/phys/edison/
Experiments
• The Creation and Testing of 78
Carbonized Filaments
http://antoine.frostburg.edu/phys/edison/
Explosions in the Lab
Results
Carbon
http://antoine.frostburg.edu/phys/edison/
Conclusion
•What Knowledge Have We
Acquired by this Project?
•The Future of Lighting
–Where do we go from here?
http://antoine.frostburg.edu/phys/edison/
References
•Literary
Beasley, Rex. Edison. Philadelphia: Chilton Company, 1964.
Miller, Francis T. Thomas . Edison. Philadelphia: John C.
Winston Company, 1931.
Josephson, Matthew. Edison. USA: London Eyre &
Spottiswoode Publishers, 1959.
Beaty, Wayne H., and Donald G. Fink. Standard Handbook for
Electrical Engineers, 13th ed. USA: McGraw-Hill, 1993.
Elenbaas, W. Light sources New York, Crane, Russak [c1972]
http://antoine.frostburg.edu/phys/edison/
• Internet
http://www.leyada.jlm.k12.il/proj/edsntsla/hist1.htm
http://www.minot.com/~mps/edison/edison/edison.html
http://www.cesa10.k12.wi.us/InvestigateAmerica/discoveries/meganc/edison.html
http://www.users.fast.net/~blc/xlhome4.htm
http://www.ushistory.net/toc/electricity.html
http://www.edisonian.com/p006bulbs.htm
http://www2.lucidcafe.com/lucidcafe/library/96feb/edison.html
http://www.sci-ed-ga.org/modules/materialscience/light/
http://tlc.ai.org/edison.htm
http://www.misty.com/people/don/bulb1.html
• Other
Dr. Hoffman
Dr. Larviee
Dr. Mumper
Donald L. Klipstein
Purpose:
The purpose of the experiment was to determine the resistance of unused light bulbs
Materials:
1 – Light bulb socket
2 – Digital Multimeter
4 – 40 Watt standard light bulbs
(frosted)
4 – 60 Watt standard light bulbs
(frosted)
4 – 75 Watt standard light bulbs
(frosted)
4 – 100 Watt standard light bulbs
(frosted)
2 – 60 Watt standard light bulbs (clear)
2 – 100 Watt standard light bulbs (clear)
2 – 150 Watt standard light bulbs (clear)
Methods:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
Find the resistance of both multimeters by crossing probes. Record.
Find the resistance on both sides of light bulb socket by running a probe between
the side of the bulb and the terminal, and then repeat with the other terminal and
the bottom of the socket. Record.
Number all light bulbs 1 through 4 with a magic marker in each different wattage
(or 1 and 2 for the clear bulbs)
Test the resistance of 40 watt bulb number 1 by holding a multimeter probe to the
metal screw part, and the other probe to the metal pin at the base of the bulb.
Record this resistance.
Repeat procedure of the same light bulb with the second multimeter.
Repeat steps 4 and 5 and replace 40-watt bulb 1 with 40-watt light bulbs 2,3, and
4.
Replace bulb and test all of the 60, 75, 100, and 150-watt bulbs (both frosted and
clear) in the same fashion. Record data.
Screw the 40-watt bulb 1 into the light bulb socket. Record resistance across the
two terminals of the socket.
Repeat with 40-watt bulbs 2,3, and 4. Record data.
Test the 60, 75, 100, and 150-watt bulbs (both frosted and clear) in the same
fashion. Record data.
Calculate the average resistance for different wattage light bulbs. Be sure to take
into account both multimeters and the tare reading of both the multimeter and the
light socket.
Plot data.
Draw conclusions.
Data/Plots:
Attached on separate sheets
Summary:
From this experiment, data was gathered about light bulbs. We found that resistance
Back
does indeed depend on wattage. It seemed that as the wattage got higher, resistance
correspondingly got smaller. Also, we noted that the resistance was less varied in
higher wattage light bulbs.
Current Vs. Voltage for multiple wattages of frosted bulbs
0.9
0.8
0.7
Current (A)
0.6
40W
60W
75W
100W
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0
0
20
40
60
80
Voltage (V)
Back
100
120
140
Current Vs. Voltage for multiple wattages of a clear bulbs
1.4
1.2
Current (A)
1
0.8
60W
100W
150W
0.6
0.4
0.2
Back
0
0
20
40
60
80
Voltage (V)
100
120
140
Comparing bulbs I vs. V
0.9
0.8
0.7
Current (A)
0.6
0.5
Frosted 100W
Clear 100W
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0
0
20
40
60
80
Voltage (V)
Back
100
120
140
•
Resistance Vs. Power(w)
For Multiple Size Light Bulbs
30
25
Resistance
20
15
10
5
0
0
Back
20
40
60
80
Size Bulb (Power (w))
100
120
140
160
•
Voltage Vs. Current Comparison
140
120
100
80
Voltage
Edison
40 Watt
Poly. (Edison)
Poly. (40 Watt)
60
40
20
0
0
Back
0.05
0.1
0.15
0.2
Power
0.25
0.3
0.35
•