WARM UP: KEY TERMS
Judaism (p. 45)
 Torah (p. 46)
 Covenant (p. 46)
 Patriarchs (p. 46)
 Exodus (p. 46)
 Diaspora (p. 48)
 Monotheism (p. 49)

Zoroaster (p. 53)
 Dualism (p.53)

Judaism and the Persian Empire
CHAPTER 2.2
OBJECTIVES: DAY 4
 Understand
how the ancient Hebrews and
their religion, Judaism, influenced
Western civilization
 Analyze the kinds of cultural and political
achievements made by the Persians
THE HEBREWS AND
JUDAISM
THE EARLY HEBREWS
Ancestors of people
called the Jews
 Known for their religion,
Judaism

 Stories
found in Hebrew
and Christian Bibles
THE TORAH

The most sacred text of
Judaism
 Traces
Hebrews back to
Abraham
 Known
as a patriarch, or
ancestral father
 God
told Abraham to
abandon polytheism
 Created
a covenant
(promise to him)
THE TEACHINGS OF JUDAISM

Belief in one God


Justice and Righteousness


Known as monotheism
Treating others with kindness and
fairness, and doing the right thing
Obedience to the Law
Ten Commandments
 Mosaic Law

 Governs
how Jews pray and worship
KINGS OF ISRAEL
Saul
1.
-
First to unite tribes
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David
2.
-
-
Defeated the Philistines
Formed a dynasty
Soloman
3.
-
-
Made Jerusalem a great capital (built temple)
Height of power
Lots of building meant lots of taxes
One of his wives was a daughter of a Pharaoh!
THE PERSIAN EMPIRE
MODERN-DAY IRAN
GROWTH AND ORGANIZATION

Persians were Indo-European tribe from
Central Asia, settled in present-day Iran
CYRUS THE GREAT
Came to power in 559
B.C.
 Established one of
largest ancient empires

 Allowed
people to keep
customs after conquered
 Tolerance won him respect

Ruled the largest empire
in the world at time of
death in 530 B.C.
DARIUS I
Cryus’ grandson
 Had to fight to restore order in Persia
 Reformed the army
 Permanent standing army of paid soldiers
10,000 Immortals
 Chose governors called satraps to rule parts of
empire

XERXES
Son of Darius I, tried to
expand on father’s
success
 Attempted to invade
Greece, failed (300)
 Last strong ruler of
ancient Persia

ZOROASTRIANISM








Zoroaster – Founder
Avesta – sacred text
Monotheistic
Taught that the world was created by a god
named Ahura Mazda
Taught dualism
 Belief that world is controlled by opposing
forces of good and evil
Spread throughout Persian empire
Day of Judgement – rewarded or punished
Almost disappeared when Greeks took over
PERSIAN ACHIEVEMENTS
 Shared
culture = peace
 Communication
 Quality
 Art
system of roads
and Architecture
 City
of Persepolis
COMPARE JUDAISM AND ZOROASTRIANISM

Create a Venn-Diagram on the religion of the
Persians and Israelites using page 49 and 53.
Zoroastrianism
Judaism
In
common
CHAPTER TWO REVIEW
 Turn
to pgs. 58-59 in your book and
answer questions 8-11.
 Any work that is not completed should
be done for homework.
QUIZ 1