New Outlooks
I.
II.
Intro
Palestine
A. Hebrews-Religion
B. Unique Qualities
III. Greece
A. Early History & Daily
Life
B. Geography
C. Women
IV. Conc.
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Key Terms
Judaism
Abraham
Moses
Polis
Greek Alphabet
Acropolis
Agora
Kyrios
Their Influence On Us Today
1. An alphabet with only 30 letters.
2. Religion
They were the first to practice
monotheism; their God was concerned
with people’s righteousness
Origins Of Palestine
• Beginning about 1900 BC many Hebrew
people left Mesopotamia and traveled west.
• It is believed that Abraham led many to
Palestine; others went to Egypt.
• About 1200 BC there was an “Exodus” out of
Egypt possibly led by Moses.
Ten Commandments
• Sacrifices & worship were not enough; their
God demanded people interact in certain
ways:
• Don’t murder, steal, lie; no adultery, etc.
• 10th Commandment
– Thou shalt not covet thy neighbour’s
house, thou shalt not covet thy neighbor's
wife, nor his manservant, nor his
maidservant, nor his ox, nor his ass, nor
any thing that is thy neighbour’s.
No gender equality
Judaism-Unique Qualities
• Belief in only one God
(monotheism) for ALL
• Sabbath became a holiday
(Ten Commandments)
• Strict rules concerning meal
preparation
• Not many mixed-marriages
• A messiah would come one day
Dead Sea Scrolls
Kingdom Of Palestine
(ca. 1000-587 BC)
• Saul, David & Solomon
were important kings.
Role/Function Of Laws/Religion
Region
Religion
Laws
Mesopotamia Religion explained natural events;
Laws were written & provided
ethics-but Church /State were one
Egypt
Afterlife & natural
No need;
events; Pharaoh was a Pharaoh’s
god on earth
word was
law.
Palestine
(Judaism)
Some natural events,
ethical behavior (Ten
Commandments)
Written
down
Misc.
Polytheistic;
uncertainty &
instability
Polytheistic;
Ma’at
provided
ethics; stable
& prosperous
First to
worship a
single God
Ancient Greece
Their impact on us today…
• System of government, theater, arts, sports,
medicine, philosophy, etc.
• Alphabet-modified the 30 character alphabet &
spread it throughout Mediterranean world
Daily Life-Food
• Olives were an important crop
• Grains & fish were common;
meat (pork) was mostly for
celebrations; goats & sheep =
dairy & wool; honey
• Figs & grapes were grown;
grapes were used for wine (not
much beer)
Olive Trees
Summer 2007 Fire Damage
Gove of Olive Trees
Geography & Polis
• Polis is often defined as “city-state.”
• Organization of each was very similar:
• Acropolis-(high city) located on a hill
• Agora-public places for a market, public
meetings; laws were posted & discussed here
Women’s Roles
Women in
“Domestic Sphere”
• A woman was always under
the control of her “Kyrios”
(her master) & marriage
was arranged
• A wife’s duties:
– Manage the household
– Provide a male heir
• Women were supposed to
remain inside the home
New Outlooks
I.
II.
Intro
Palestine
A. Hebrews-Religion
B. Unique Qualities
III. Greece
A. Early History & Daily
Life
B. Geography
C. Women
IV. Conc.
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Key Terms
Judaism
Abraham
Moses
Polis
Greek Alphabet
Acropolis
Agora
Kyrios