Introduction to Judaism

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Introduction to Judaism
Professor Noam Pianko
npianko@u.washington.edu
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Class Overview
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Course Introduction
Major Course Themes
Syllabus/Expectations
Start Historical Overview
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Don’t Write this Down!
• It will be available on the course website for download
• Listen and engage in class!
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Introduction
• Who am I?
• Who are you?
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What Do You Think?
• How should we analyze a religion?
• What topics would you want to know
about?
• How is studying Judaism
similar/different from studying other
religions?
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Six Areas of Investigation
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Role of Scripture and Interpretation
Theology and Symbolic Vocabulary
Communal Forms and Religious Authority
Ritual and Worship
Ethical Values and the Formation of the
Person
6. Ideologies of Political Life
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1. Scripture and Interpretation
• What are Judaism’s central texts?
• How/when do certain texts become “scripture” or
canonized ?
• How does the process of interpretation work in
Judaism?
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2. Theology and Symbolic
Vocabulary
• What are the core beliefs/symbols that orient
the Jewish tradition?
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God
Torah
Israel
Messiah/Redemption
• How have these concepts changed over time
in dialogue with surrounding cultures?
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Symbolic Vocabulary and
Surrounding Cultures
Canaanite
Pantheon
Christian and
Islamic
Mysticism
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Greco-Roman
View of the
Cosmos
Modern
Philosophy
and Ethics
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3. Communal Forms and
Religious Authority
• What is the Jewish ideal for community
structure?
• How are boundaries determined? Who is
inside/outside of the community?
• Who establishes norms in the community?
• Who has authority to enforce norms?
• How is authority challenged?
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Who Has Authority?
A Nation
Led By
Prophets
A Liturgical
Community Led
By Priests
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Rabbi and
Congregation
The Rebbe
and His
Disciples
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4. Worship and Ritual
• What rituals (actions with symbolic
meaning) and forms of worship does
Judaism proscribe?
• How is time punctuated on the Jewish
calendar?
• What are Jewish conceptions of worship
and how have they changed?
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Jewish Worship: From
Sacrifice to Yoga
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5. Ethical Values and the
Formation of the Person
• What does it mean to be a good Jew? A
good person?
• Where do ethics come from?
• How do celebrations of milestones
(lifecycle events) contribute to the
formation of the individual?
• How have Jewish ethics/values
changed over time?
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6. Ideologies of Political Life
• How has Judaism interacted with its
many majority host cultures?
• What effect has life in the diaspora had
on Judaism?
• What is the relationship between the
modern State of Israel and Judaism?
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A Taste of Contemporary
Jewish Diversity
• How do the six themes play out in this
video?
• What is interesting about the film?
• What questions about Judaism does the
film raise?
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Syllabus Notes
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Writing and Analysis Emphasis
Books in Class and Section
Late Policy
Introducing Jennifer Callaghan
Key terms exam
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Why Start Intro to Judaism
with Jewish History?
• Pragmatic Considerations
• Past-Present-Future Blurred in Jewish
Tradition
– History and memory
– Fact and myth
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Central Themes in Jewish
History
1. Fluid Boundaries Between Jew and
non-Jew
2. Diaspora and “Imagined Community”
3. Persecution
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Example
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But First, Some Terminology
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Hebrews
Israelites-Children of Jacob/Israel
Judeans-Southern Kingdom
Jews-Book of Esther
Judaism
Hebrew Bible/TaNaCh
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Jewish History in Six Acts
1. Israelite Origins and the Babylonia Exile
(1900 BCE-587 BCE)
2. Return to Judea and the Second Temple
(515 BCE-70 CE)
3. Diaspora and Rabbinic Judaism in Babylon
and Jerusalem(70 CE-632 CE)
4. Jews in the Islamic World (632 CE-1500
CE)
5. Jews in Medieval Europe (900-1500)
6. Jews in the Modern World (1500-present)
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Ancient Israelite History
• What do we know?
• What sources are available?
• What do you need to know?
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The Historicity of the Bible
• Nomadic group called “Habiru”
• Migration from Mesopotamia into Canaan
• Temple and New Capital built in Egypt in 13th
century BCE
• No Evidence of Exodus from Egypt
• Pharaoh's Inscription (1220BCE)
– “Israel is Laid to Waste, his seed is no more.”
• Records of conquest
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Bible Emerges from Ancient
Near Eastern Setting
• Bible reflects interactions with
surrounding cultures
• Bible culls from local traditions,
narratives, rituals
• Imagines community of Israelites as
distinct and separate
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Similar Divine Myths
“When you [Baal] killed
Litan, the fleeing
serpent, finished off
the twisting serpent,
the mighty one with
seven heads, the
heavens withered and
drooped”
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“On that day, Yahweh will
punish with his fierce,
great, and mighty sword
Leviathan, the fleeing
serpent, Leviathan, the
twisting serpent, he will
slay the dragon of the sea.”
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