HND Year 2
Database Management
Systems
Sept 2002
September 2002
Unit Team

Lectures / Workshops
– Naveed Hamid (Unit Leader)
– Juliet Greaves

Tutorials
– Naveed Hamid
– Juliet Greaves
– John New
– Titus Olaniyi
September 2002
Outline
Essential Text
 Discussion of Assessment / Assignment
Format
 Discussion of Topics covered
 Intro to Relational Model

September 2002
Essential Text
– Relational Database Principles
Colin Ritchie, DP Publications, 1998.
– Database Systems.
A Practical Approach to Design, Implementation,
and Management.
Thomas Connolly, Carolyn Begg.
3rd Edition Addison-Wesley 2002.
ISBN 0-201-70857-4
September 2002
Additional Recommended Texts
– Modern Database Management 5th Ed,
Fred McFadden et al
Addison Wesley Longman Inc
– Relational Database, John Carter
International Thompson Computer Press
– Database Systems, Catherine Ricardo.
Macmillan
– An Introduction to Database Systems,
C J Date. Addison Wesley
September 2002
Outcomes
1. Investigate DBMS Technologies
 2. Perform Database Administrative Tasks
 3. Devise strategies for a Multi-User
Environment

September 2002
Assessment criteria
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Describe the components of a DBMS
Define a suitable DBMS strategy for a given application
requirement.
Create database from a specified model and manage the
users
Modify database to include referential constraints
Apply techniques to tune database performance
Identify potential dangers in a multi-user environment
Perform rollback and recovery operations
Devise locking strategies for a given multi-user application
September 2002
Assessment/Assignment Format

Assignment
– Case Study
– ER Diagram 1 & 2 – Indicating relationships
and cardinality.
– Assumptions – List of assumptions during
development of ER.
– Table Attributes – Table and attribute names
indicating all keys.
– SQL Answers – SQL statements developed
based on your ER.
– Results – Output from your SQL and test data.
September 2002
Personal Oracle 8i

Can be installed on Windows 98 only
– Options if you don’t have win 98
– Work at University
– Install Windows 98
– Install MySQL

Similar to Oracle and can work on any platform
September 2002
TCA in January 2003
Section A

Case study
– ER Model
– 40%
September 2002
Section B

Multiple Choice
– 60%
– Remaining Topics
– 2 marks for the
correct answer
– 1 mark deducted for
an incorrect answer
Pass Rate Last Year

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80 full time and part time students
60% Pass first Time
Of the 40% Fails
– 50% had not handed in a piece of assessment
– 50% had failed either one or both items of
assessment
September 2002
Section B
Modules Topics
September 2002
Modules Topics
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Week 1 Introduction to DBS / Relation
Model
Week 2 Data Modelling the ER Model
Week 3 Normalisation
Week 4 File Organisation
Week 5 Database Management Systems
Week 6 Relational Algebra
September 2002
Modules Topics
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Week 7 SQL
Week 8 Integrity and Security
Weeks 9 Concurrency and Recovery
Week 10 Networked & Distributed
Systems
Week 11 Beyond the Relational Model
Week 12 Revision Week
September 2002
Databases
A Brief Introduction
September 2002
Databases - what are they?

Where do we find Databases?
– University
– Government
– Airline Booking System
– Letting Agency
Why and how are they used?
 What exactly is a Database?

– Collection of related data.
September 2002
History of Databases

Where have relational Databases come
from?
– File based systems
– “A collection of application programs that
perform services for the end-users such as
the production of reports.”
– “Each program defines and manages its
own data” Connolly et al
– Basically an attempt to computerise a filing
September 2002
system
Limitations of the File System

Data held in separate and isolated
stores
– Payroll
– Personnel
– Department

Duplication of data
– The same data held in different stores
– Inconsistencies in the data stores
September 2002
Limitations of the File System

cont..
Data Dependence
– Any modification to the data has to be
propagated to the programs that access
the data
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File are dependent on the language of
the accessing programs
– files created for C programs cannot be
accessed by Cobol programs
September 2002
The Relational Model
September 2002
Database Concepts
Permanent Storage
 File Processing
 Data of Prime importance DBMS
 Meta Data
 Database Models

– Hierarchical
– Network
– Object Oriented
September 2002
Relational Database
Edward Codd 1970
 Two-dimensional tables - no pointers
 Entity Relationship Model - Chen 1976
 ANSI/SPARC architecture

– External level
– Conceptual level
– Internal level
September 2002
Modelling Concepts
Application Domain
 Entities
 Attributes
 Domain and Type
 Relationship
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September 2002
Relational Model
Mathematical theory of sets
 Primary Key
 Composite Key
 Functional Dependency
 Foreign Keys
 Candidate Key
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September 2002
Terminology
Nulls
 Entity Integrity
 Referential Integrity
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September 2002
Reading for Next Week
Ritchie Chapter 3 and 4
 Connolly Chapter 3
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September 2002
Week 1
NO Workshops
 NO Seminars
 NO Practicals
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September 2002